Thursday, May 23, 2013

SHRI VALMIKI RAMAYAN


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BALAKANDA
SARGA 7
Eight ministers, of outstanding qualities aided Dasaratha noble descendant of the Ikshvakus. Incorruptible indomitable and stalwarts in their devotion to duty and to the affairs of the state they were Drishti, Jayantha, Vijaya, Siddhartha, Artha, Sadhaka, Asoka, Mantrapala and Sumantra. The foremost of seers, Vasishta and Vamadeva were family priests, besides other counselors. Never did any of them utter a falsehood, either for the sake of pleasure, profit or in anger.

Proficient in Shastras and sciences they had knowledge of every branch of study and shied away from all acts of injustice. Famed, eminent wealthy and with well-restrained senses, their deeds matched their words, their decisions were never made in haste, but after much contemplation. Peerless and forgiving, they always spoke with a smile. Nothing took place at home or abroad that they had no knowledge of secret agents kept them informed of events already accomplished, actually happening or merely contemplated. Adept at their duties, so loyal they were that if an occasion demanded it they would not spare even their own sons. Engaged in replenishing the royal coffers and maintaining an army, they would not harm even an enemy if he had done no wrong. Mighty and powerful they were exemplary statesmen and protectors of the realm and its people. While discharging their duties they did not cause injury to the Brahmins and Kshatriyas. Punishment was meted out only after considering the gravity of a man's offense. When those honest and illustrious men sat in judgment, there was not a single man in the kingdom who dared to bear false witness.

Ever vigilant and alert to the welfare of the king, the judicious and discerning ministers of exemplary statesmanship were of impeccable conduct. They wore fine garments and ornaments, known for their courtesy resoluteness boundless bravery and heroism, they made flawless and wise decisions, for which they were reputed, even outside the country. They always conversed kindly and pleasingly. Ever watchful through the secret agents, rewarding his subjects according to their virtues, Dasaratha, found no enemy to be his equal, much less, superior to him! Enemies were suppressed, the tributary kings were loyal, all was peaceful and Ayodhya basked in serenity. Blessed with many friends, surrounded by a host of supremely capable counselors Dasaratha, like the rising sun with its brilliant rays, ruled the earth gloriously like Indra ruled the heavens.

BALAKANDA
SARGA 8
Dasaratha, though indomitable, sublime and fabled the world over as an embodiment of virtues, he had a lurking discontent. It was the discontent of having no progeny to carry on his dynasty. Heavy hearted and pining for sons, he questioned himself as to why he should not perform the Asvamedha yaga to beget sons. Having made up his mind, he sent for that most excellent of his ministers, Sumantra and asked him to fetch the entire spiritual preceptors and family priests. Thereupon Suyajna, Vamadeva, Jabali, Kasyapa and Vasishta along with other Brahmins arrived. Paying homage to the exalted assembly, venerable Dasaratha, addressed them with utmost grace saying "Pining for sons I am ever unhappy and restless, because I have no progeny. It is my desire now to perform the Asvamedha yaga and worship the gods. Also tell me how I can fulfill my wish".

Vasishta and the other Brahmins commended that decision and blessed him saying that his desire would soon come to pass. Their approval delighted Dasaratha, whose eyes gleamed with joy and excitement. He bade that articles required for the ritual be procured as directed by the spiritual masters and the sacrificial horse was to be released under the protection of warriors. On the left bank of the river Sarayu was to be erected the sacred pavilion in accordance with the scriptural norms. Auspicious rites were to be performed as ordained, for the uninterrupted completion of the sacrifice. He emphasized that Asvamedha was the best of yagas and if difficulties and obstacles did not arise, every king would like to accomplish it. "Learned brahma rakshasas will always be on the prowl for faults in the sacrifice, so that they can strike into it and if such a thing happens, he who is conducting the sacrifice will be destroyed instantaneously! So flawless performance is imperative by strictly following the rules and taking care of every detail." The ministers assured Dasaratha that his orders would be implicitly carried out. The wise and enlightened Brahmins blessed the king for the speedy fulfillment of his desires and took leave. Dasaratha made his way to the palace when he told his dear wives of his plans. They were ecstatic and enthralled at the idea of the Asvamedha. Their beautiful faces glowed like the lotuses. 

BALAKANDA
SARGA 9
Later king Dasaratha in the privacy of his palace heard the story narrated to him by his charioteer Sumantra. An ancient story told by the holy Sanath Kumara in the presence of seers. Sumantra said that this story related to Dasaratha who now desired a progeny; "The eminent Kasyapa had a son named Vibhandaka who was ordained to have a son, the famed Rshyasringa. This lord among brahmins raised in the forest, had no other avocation except to minister to the needs of his father. He knew no life other than that of tending the sacred fire and knew no other human other than his father. He practiced the life of the two-fold celibacy honoured by the Brahmins as Vratitva and Prajapatya. Long years passed by, as he worshipped the fire god and served his venerable father and many more passed, in his practice of Vratitiva, a way of celibate life.

At this time, Romapada ruled the kingdom of Angada. As a result of a lapse in the conduct of its king, the country was going through a spell of dreadful drought, threatening all life and its creatures. The despondent king summoned and spoke to the Brahmins, "all of you are experienced and wise to the ways of the world. Specify some penance by which I can find deliverance by absolving myself of my sins". The masters of the Vedas, then told Romapada, that he should, by some means or the other bring Rshyasringa into Angada, receive him with due honor and ceremoniously offer him, his daughter Shanta, in marriage. At that, Romapada wondered aloud as to how he could bring a man of such stupendous brilliance, a colossus among men, master of all his senses and a born celibate into the country. After much deliberation and consultation with his counselors, it was decided to dispatch the priests and ministers for the purpose of bringing Rshyasringa into the land of Romapada. This news terrified the priests and ministers, as they were mortally afraid of mighty Vibhandaka. Fearing that they may incur his wrath, they cringed at the idea and approached the king with crestfallen faces begging him to relieve them of that task. Once more the administrators got together, thought long and hard and came to the conclusion that they would achieve the purpose with the help of courtesans! The strategy succeeded. Rshyasringa arrived in Angada. Shanta was given in marriage and parjanya opened up the sky to rain abundantly! Having heard and enjoyed Sumantra's narration, Dasaratha wished to know in detail, how exactly Rshyasringa was brought into the court of Romapada.

SARGA 10
Sumanthra, in response to king Dasaratha's desire elaborated upon the event that led to the arrival of Rshyasringa in Angada. The ministers and priests informed king Romapada of the flawless strategy that they had come up with to bring that peerless Brahmin. They assured him that it posed no danger and could be successfully executed. Rshyasringa, the forest dweller and great Vedic scholar unacquainted with the pleasures of life and the pleasures of the senses, was to be lured out of the forest by gorgeous courtesans lavishly dressed and beautifully and bejewelled.

These charming persons whose sweet voices filled the forest with song, one day invaded the quiet forest glades as planned. From a distance they tried to catch a glimpse of Rshyasringa, the ascetic of celestial brilliance practicing austerities, living contentedly and following his father. Having never stepped out of the hermitage, and never seen any man or woman other than his father the tranquil spell of Rshyasringa's life, took a sudden turn, when he tumbled onto that bevy of beautiful woman, who had strayed into the forest with a purpose. Soon these women approached Rshyasringa and plied him with questions. "Brahmin! How do you survive here? Why do you roam these desolate and deserted forests?" Having never seen such loveliness, Rshyasringa felt a wave of friendship and an urge talk to them as he said. "My name is Rshyasringa and I am the son of Vibhandaka. What I do is known the world over by name and action." Rshyasringa invited the damsels to his hermitage and they agreed. On reaching the place he honored them as custom demanded and offered them water to wash their feet as also forest fruits and roots. The courtesans longed to linger but were afraid of sage Vibhandaka, and not wanting to invite his ire, decided to leave. Before they left they offered some food and sweet meat that they had brought, along with them the likes of which Rshyasringa had never set his eyes upon. It was time to go back and on the pretext that they had some religious rites to perform, the courtesans fled the place.

After the maidens left Rshyasringa became sick at heart and wandered around desolately. The next day when he came back to the place where he had met the lovely courtesans, they were delighted to see him and invited him to go back with them to their hermitage where he would be given a lavish welcome. Bewitched Rshyasringa, trapped by the charms of the human snares allowed them to have their way and was thus lured away from the forest and from his innocence! Even as Rshyasringa set foot in Angada, parjanya sent torrents of rain on to the parched earth. Romapada went forth to receive Rshyasringa and prostrated to him for bringing rains to the country .He also asked for the favor of warding off Vibhandaka's wrath, for bringing away Rshyasringa. Shanta was given in marriage to Rishyasringa and Romapada attained great peace and happiness with his desires fulfilled. 
            
BALAKANDA
SARGA 11
Sumantra continued with Sanath Kumara's narration. "In the Ikshvaku dynasty, will be born a king, radiant, prosperous and devoted to truth. A man of his word and of many virtues, he will be known as Dasaratha who at a later time will form a friendship with Romapada. The story goes on to say that the famed king Dasaratha, lord of the people, upholder of morality and truth would approach Romapada and request him to send Rshyasringa to conduct the religious sacrifice, for the invocation of progeny, so that the Ikshvaku dynasty may continue without interruption.

When Romapada agreed Dasaratha's tormented mind raced with joy. Free of all anxiety, he approached Rshyasringa, reverently with folded palms. He said that bereft of sons, he wished to perform suitable rituals to beget children and that Rshyasringa should preside over them and bless him with sons. His boons were granted. Four sons of great renown were born, bringing glory and fame to the Ikshvakus unequaled in all the three worlds. This was the story told by Sanath Kumara during the early period of Krita Yuga.

Sumantra then asked king Dasaratha to command the best of chariots and gather a resplendent retinue to honor and escort Rshyasringa back to Ayodhya. With the permission of Vasishta Dasaratha accompanied by his queens and courtiers, left for Angada. Crossing many rivers and forests he found the brilliantly magnetic Brahmin glowing like the flames of a new born fire, sitting next to Romapada.

Overwhelmed with joy at the sight of king Dasaratha, who was the best of his friends, Romapada welcomed him with great warmth and reverence. Aware of the bond of friendship between the two Rshyasringa also paid special tributes and offered an even more elaborate reception. Having enjoyed the wonderful hospitality for a few days, king Dasaratha wished to return so that he could commence the austerities. Romapada bade him an affectionate and touching farewell. Eager and excited Dasaratha set out on the journey back to his kingdom. He dispatched messengers ahead, to herald their arrival and to decorate the city. Hearing of the home-coming of the royal entourage the people of Ayodhya jubilantly busied in carrying out the king's commands. Streets were sprinkled with scented water incense was burned and flags hoisted. Soon Dasaratha with Rshyasringa preceding him made a grand and pompous entry into a beautifully bedecked Ayodhya, to the blare of conches and the beating of drums. The citizens were delighted to behold the brilliant sage who was taken into the palace to be given a traditional and fitting welcome. Dasaratha was happy because he was able to bring Rshyasringa. The royal ladies beholding Shanta were happy. Her beauty fascinated them and they treated her with worshipful affection honored by all. Shanta too was happy and she along with Rshyasringa dwelt in Ayodhya for some time.


BALAKANDA
SARGA 12
Time moved on, days passed and when spring arrived, beautiful and charming, the longing to perform the sacrifice arose in Dasaratha. Bowing his head in reverence to that Brahmin, whose brilliance was celestial, Dasaratha requested him to commence the rituals and also to be the chief presiding priest. Rshyasringa accepted the honor and Sumantra was summoned to gather all those masters of the Vedas, Suyajna, Vamadeva, Jabali and Kasyapa, as well as the family priest Vasishta and other learned Brahmins. Dasaratha paid homage to the venerable gathering, his words ringing with grace and righteousness. He said his yearning for sons was so intense that he was robbed of all happiness. For that reason he wished to perform the Asvamedha sacrifice as ordained so that, his desires may be fulfilled. The exalted gathering commended Dasaratha saying that he would be blessed with four sons of great renown.

Rshysringa and the other masters directed king Dasaratha to procure articles for the sacrifice and release the horse under the protection of warriors. The king was pleased and asked his ministers to fulfill the requirements of his preceptors. A sacrificial pavilion was to be built on the northern banks of the Sarayu River, according to the methods prescribed. Auspicious rites were to be performed as ordained, for the uninterrupted completion of the sacrifice. The ministers taking leave of the king promised to carry out the commands. The brahmins returned to their dwelling places and Dasaratha retired to his palace


BALAKANDA
SARGA 13
A year passed and one more spring arrived. Having completed the preliminary rituals, Dasaratha went forth to the sacrificial pavilion to commence the Asvamedha. There he paid obeisance to that great Brahmin Vasishta to whom he said, "You are my friend and supreme guide, the responsibility of the great ceremony and the warding off of any impediment to any aspect of the sacrifice can be borne by you alone." Vasishta assured Dasaratha that all would be well and done according to his wishes. Promising success, Vasishta began preparations for the mammoth event of great piety. He sent for eminent, experienced Brahmins, trained in the performance of such sacrifices and well versed in the execution of ritual related matters. He spoke to noble architects of fame, experienced in the art of construction, to artisans of integrity, to carpenters, astrologers, dancers and actors. Highly intellectual and scholarly men, with immense knowledge in the ritual texts were also interviewed. Vasishta told them to inaugurate the sacrificial rites, according to the code laid. He also ordered thousands of bricks to be brought for the construction of royal dwellings for kings with every comfort for visiting kings and many more fine houses for the brahmins. All were not only to be built, but also stocked with every possible food and drink. Shelter was also to be put up for the people of Ayodhya, furnished with everything that one could desire. Even people from small towns and countryside were to be given the best of food with great respect. All classes of society were to be accorded the same warm welcome. Neither greed lust nor anger was to hinder hospitality.

Sculptors, priests and artisans engaged in discharging the duties of the sacrifice were given special treatment according to rank. The final word of Vasishta was that every one should fill their hearts with love and affection, attending to everything and omitting nothing. The gathering promised to fulfill his wishes and pay attention to every detail.

Once again Sumantra was summoned. Vasishta asked to him, to invite all the kings of the earth, as well as the Kshatriyas, Brahmins, Vaisya and Sudras. He was to escort the illustrious Janaka, king of Mithila and an ally of Dasaratha, as also the aged and exceedingly noble father-in-law of Dasaratha, the king of Kekaya. Romapada king of Angada, an intimate friend of Ayodhya was also to be escorted. Kings of all the regions in the Eastern and Southern directions and of Sindhu, Sauvera and Saurashtra, including all the allies, along with their retinues, families and relations were to be ushered into the domain. Sumantra put orders issued by Vasishta into action without delay. He dispatched emissaries to kings and set forth to honor and accompanies the great Janaka, king of Mithila. Though pleased to hear that all preparations were completed Vasishta once again reminded all about absoluted courtesy. He warned that without due respect gifts should never be given, as any gift given without love and with contempt would result in the downfall of the donor.

For several days and nights, the rulers of the earth arrived in Ayodhya, bringing with them gifts for Dasaratha. Happy with his accomplishments Vasishta informed his king that he had extended due hospitality to all the noble lords who were given a royal welcome. He now wanted Dasaratha to proceed to the sacrificial pavilion, where the priests in charge fully immersed in their duties, were awaiting the king. As advised by the family priest and Rshyasringa, the lord of Ayodhya entered the hallowed sacrificial ground, on the auspicious day at the auspicious moment. The beauty and grandeur of it all was awesome and made the beholders wonder as if the whole thing had emerged by the sheer will and imagination of king, Dasaratha. Amidst this splendor and auspiciousness commenced the great Asvamedha yaga according to the shastras, presided over by Rshyasringa the greatest of priests

BALAKANDA
SARGA 14
After the return of the released horse at the end of a year the Asvamedha yaga was begun on the Northern bank of the river Sarayu. Rshyasringa the chief of the priests assisted by many more venerable Brahmins, with Dasaratha seated in the midst of the most honorable of kings commenced the Asvamedha. Priests whose knowledge of vedas was profound performed every ritual impeccably according to Kalpasutra.
In the hallowed grounds of the Asvamedha no one was hungry or thirsty. People were persuaded to take the best of foods and gifted the best of clothes. Mounds of food were ever kept ready for the visiting multitudes from cities and countryside. Brahmins, ascetics, Sudras, women, children and even the sick though satiated could not stop eating the exotic foods. Amazed at the unequaled hospitality, people sang praise of Dasaratha. Brahmins built the sacrificial fireplace to the size and manner prescribed in Shastras. Even the bricks used for the construction of fireplaces were made of a special size as per Shastras. The kinds of wood used for the posts where the sacrificial animals were to be secured were also according to prescribed tradition. The sacrificial altar erected in the shape of an eagle dazzled like burnished gold appearing to be a gold winged eagle. The Asvamedha a three-day ritual needed eighteen fireplaces, which were thrice as many as normal. When at the end of the yaga king Dasaratha magnanimous to the core gave away the entire earth to the presiding priests. They protested those noble souls refused to accept that kind of magnanimity saying that the king alone who was pure and cleansed was the supreme ruler and protector of the earth. Once again Dasaratha outdid himself by giving away a million cows, a hundred million pieces of gold and four times that amount in silver.When he prostrated to Rshyasringa for performing and overseeing the Asvamedha yaga, the sage in turn blessed Dasaratha with four sons who would perpetuate his dynasty.

BALAKANDA
SARGA 15
After pondering for a while in spiritual contemplation, Rshyasringa master of the vedas said, "I shall perform Putreyshti for you to beget sons with the aid of mantras as in Atharvasirasi". When the ritual commenced the gods, gandharvas, all the spiritually accomplished sages and Brahma the creator assembled to receive their share of the ritual offerings as was the custom. At this time the assembly of celestials told Brahma of their troubles. "Oh Lord! A rakshasa by name Ravana armed with the boon granted by you is tormenting us. His diabolic powers leave us powerless. Unable to chastise him and honoring the boon granted by you, we bear the havoc that he creates. With arrogance born of that power the evil demon makes the three worlds tremble with fear. Rendered invincible he spares neither asuras, Brahmins or gandharvas. We dread him. Even the Sun shines subdued, the winds dare not to blow and the restless oceans still at his appearance".

Brahma said that it was true Ravana was armed with a boon worded in such a way that it rendered him virtually deathless. In asking for the boon he had sought immunity from every celestial and from every creature born on earth but of man there was no mention. In his insolence he felt humiliated to seek immunity from their paltry strength which in his disdain he even refused to recognize. "So Ravana will die and die in the hands of man. His death has already been ordained". Even as the celestials were rejoicing Visnu attired in yellow bearing conch, mace and discus appeared in all his glory. The divine gathering prostrated to that god of gods entreating him to be born as human and rid the world of Ravana. Allaying their fears and bowing to their wishes Visnu promised not only to slay Ravana but also his sons and his kin. He pondered for a moment as to where he should be born? . He then decided to divide himself into four parts to be born as Dasaratha's four sons. "Do that" urged the celestials, "and return soon to Vaikunta, that permanent abode of yours devide of all passion hatred and sin beyond reach of even the celestials.

BALAKANDA
SARGA 16
Lord Narayana the omniscient knower of all, yet wanting to be courteous and graceful asked the gods "Is there a strategy to kill that lord of the rakshasas who causes so much misery to the sages? " And they chorused ". Assume the body of a human and kill him. The boon of Brahma renders him invincible to all the gods and to all creatures. Ravana in his contempt for men brushed them aside as mere mortals unworthy of mention and sought no immunity from them. So his death lies in the hands of man alone" After the gods and sages bade worshipful farewell to Visnu he too vanished to take on his next incarnation as the son of Dasaratha who at that very moment was conducting the Putreyshti yagna for the sake of progeny.

Meanwhile from the flames of the sacrificial fires rose a glowing form whose incomparable radiance pulsated with power and might. He wore a robe of black and red, his voice was like the booming of drums, and his hair and beard glossy like the lion's mane and his gait like that of an arrogant tiger. Tall as a mountain peak he blazed like the Sun. In his arms he held a vessel crafted of fine gold covered with a silver lid. A vessel so ethereal and so exquisite it seemed to have just materialized from space and was filled with celestial porridge. Looking at Dasaratha he said, "My lord know that I have come here sent by Prajapathi Brahma". Dasaratha greeted him with folded palms saying "Lord! Welcome and what may I do for you? The divine form said, "Take this porridge prepared by the gods. Give it to your wives who will bear you sons". Receiving the celestial porridge Dasaratha was ecstatic, he felt like a pauper would at the sudden discovery of a great treasure. With his mission achieved that splendid apparition, who had risen from the flames disappeared. Dasaratha entered the palace ringing with great joy. The king directly went to the queen's quarters offered them the porridge. He gave half of it to Kausalya and a quarter to Sumithra. Of the remaining quarter he gave one half to Kaikeyi. After thinking for a while he gave the other half to Sumithra. The grateful queens were extremely happy, and boundless was Dasaratha's joy when the queens became pregnant. 
 


BALAKANDA
SARGA 17
At the imminent incarnation of Lord Visnu as heir to king Dasaratha, Brahma gathered all the Devas and said "Visnu true to his word is valiantly going forth as man into the world of men for our cause. So we must provide forces to be with him and serve him. Create powerful sons whose bodies will have the might of lions and the speed of winds. Noble, intelligent, knowledgeble and equal in valor they should be indestructable. Resistant to hunger and thirst like them who have partaken of the nectar of the immortality, those invincible beings should be blessed with magical skills so as to take any form at will. I have already created Jambavan the best among the breed of bears.

Ordered by Brahma the devas created the sons in the form of monkeys. Great Siddhas, Vidyadharas and Uragas produced heroic sons and wood-dwellers who used stones, trees and their own teeth and nails as weapons. Indra created Vali the king of vanaras and the Sun created Sugriva. Brihaspathi brought forth wise Tara, Kubera was responsible for Gandamadana, Viswakarma created Nala and the fire god begot Nila. The Aswini gods created mainda and Dvivida, Varuna and Parjanya created Susena and Sarabha respectively. Vayu produced the invincible Hanuman whose courage, wisdom and strength matched his diamond hard body, while he speed matched to that of Garuda. Thousands of warriors who could shatter the earth with their feet, make mountains shudder and torment the very oceans across which they could leap appeared. Their booming voices as they roamed the forests, mountains along river banks and sea shores made flying binds plummet in fright. The earth teemed with them who wanted to assist Rama they came into existence lofty as mountain peaks with fearful body and matchless strength.

BALAKANDA
SARGA 18
The ritual consecrations of the Asvamedha ended. the gods received their share of the havis and returned to their worlds, the happy lords and rulers of the earth went back to their countries while Dasaratha returned to Ayodhya with his queens and entourage. Rshyasringa and Shantha took leave of the king who now awaited the birth of his sons. Six seasons passed after the completion of rituals. In the twelfth month of Chaitra on the ninth day of the new moon, in Kartaka lagna presided by Aditi as devata, when the star Punarvasu was in ascendance with the five planets Sun, Mars, Saturn, Jupiter and Venus Kausalya gave birth to an illustrious son Rama. She beheld him the pride of the Ikshvakus, with great joy. Blessed with every sign of divinity, he was one half of Visnu. Kaikeyi's son Bharata whose purity of mind was flawless was born under the next star Pushya, which was ascendant in the Meena lagna. To Sumithra were born the equally impeccable Lakshmana and Satrughna in the Karkataka lagna when the star Aslesha appeared. These incarnations of Visnu as the four sons of Dasaratha radiated effulgence like the stars of Purvabhadra and Uttarabhadra. At that auspicious moment the palace reverberated with joy. Gandharvas sang, apsaras danced the kettle drums of heaven boomed and the skies rained flowers. The streets of Ayodhya thronged and reverberated with the sound of music, revelry and joy as the citizens celebrated the birth of the divine princes. Twelve days after the birth of the princes, Vasishta performed appropriate rituals and named the first born of princes Rama, Kaikeyi's son as Bharata and Sumithra's twins as Lakshmana and Satrughna. The brahmins were feted, feasted and showered with gifts and the people of Ayodhya came in droves from towns and country to share the joy of the palace.

The sons of Dasratha, who soon the Vedas, were virtuous, valiant, and ever concerned about the welfare of the people. Among them Rama, devout, dedicated and free of all taint endeared himself to the entire world and was Dasaratha's most beloved son. Lakshmana, ho loved Rama more than his life followed him like his own shadow. Rama too reciprocated his brother's love. He could neither eat not sleep without Lakshmana who followed his brother with ready bow and arrow to ward off any danger that might ensue! Bharata and Satrughna also had a strong bond between them; Though Dasaratha took great pride in them, the princes never took advantage of his affection, but ever humble. They were always ready to serve him with love and reverence. Renowned for their great knowledge, wisdom and virtue, they were yet modest and aware of the ways of the world.

Dasaratha gave thought to the marriage of his sons. On day while he was conferring with his ministers and kinsmen. Visvamitra the mighty ascetic arrived at the gates of the palace commanding the guards. “Announce at once that I Kausika, son of Gadhi have come”! And Dasaratha along with Vasishta hurried to welcome and honor the most renowned of sages. Visvamitra embraced Vasishta asking him of him welfare and the of other sages. He then asked Dasaratha about his subjects, his relative, the state of his treasury and about his religious pursuits to propitiate the gods and if tributary kings were submissive.
Quivering with excitement Dasaratha answered Visvamitra's questions and said, “Your arrival has rendered this place holy and is as welcome as is rain to the desert. I am honored! Tell me what I can do for you and I, with your blessings will achieve it!” The sound of those words pleased Visvamitra's ears and delighted his mind!


BALAKANDA
SARGA 19
Touched by Dasaratha's grace and the beauty of his words Visvamitra said "Noble king of the mighty Ikshvaku dynasty guided by Vasishta you alone can speak thus. Let me now tell you the purpose of my visit, and may your pledge to do my will be redeemed! Engaged in performing certain rituals I am facing great hindrances, from the rakshasas Maricha and Subahu who have been raining flesh and blood on the sacrificial altar. These demons whose magical powers allow them to take any form at will, disrupt my efforts at all times and I have come away in despair. I cannot unleash my wrath upon them either, for the ritual is such that it forbids my uttering of curses while it is being conducted. So I ask you, give me Rama your first born who knows no fear. He alone with his divine radiance is capable of slaying the rakshasas and I shall spread his fame in all the three worlds. Maricha and Subahu are of no match for Rama. They can never face him! Deem them dead already! I know of Rama's boundless courage and might which broods no retaliation .The most powerful Vasishta knows and so do the other sages. If your dharma and your fame are to remain forever on this earth, give me Rama! If Vasishta and your ministers allow it, send Rama with me, for ten nights. Let not the auspicious time set for my ritual slip away and do not sorrow.” Visvamitra having said what he had to fell silent and Dasaratha shattered and frightened sat on his throne, trembling with fear

BALAKANDA
SARGA 20
Emerging form his daze Dasaratha said," Rama is not even sixteen years of age. Is it possible for him to war with the rakshasas? I have an entire Akshauhini of which I am the lord and master. I shall go to war with those armies for they and not Rama can vanquish the enemy. With bow in hand so long as there is life in me I shall protect the yagna and fight Maricha and Subahu. Rama is but a mere boy of twelve years inexperienced in war and in the wielding of weapons. He is no match for the rakshasas who are notorious for their treachery. Separated from Rama I cannot live! Born to me after sixty thousand years he is my greatest delight, so do spare him" Dasaratha then wanted to know more about the rakshasas, “What are their powers? Who are they and whose sons are they? What kind of bodies do they have and how does one counter their treachery? Neither Rama nor I can match their magical powers, nor ward off their evil because these creatures are justly proud of being invincible. Great Brahmin! How can Rama oppose these deceitful demons?" And Visvamitra said, "Born of the Paulastya dynasty, a rakshasa by name Ravana armed with a boon from Brahma, has been tormenting the three worlds. Strong and mighty he always has bands of his fellow beings with him. He is the brother of Kubera and son of Visravas. Though Ravana is not obstructing my sacrifices Maricha and Subahu do so at his behest."
Having heard Visvamitra, Dasaratha said, "I have not the strength to confront Ravana. Visvamitra! You are my guru and my god. Be gracious when even the devas danavas, yakshas or Pannagas can not face Ravana, how can men bear him? And how can Rama, a little boy who has not even heard of wars do so. How can I send my son to fight those monsters that seem to be the very incarnations of death?" When Visvamitra heard Dasaratha, he exploded into a terrible rage, blazing like the flames of a sacrificial fire fed by oblations!

BALAKANDA
SARGA 21
Infuriated with Dasaratha's words, Visvamitra said, "It is unworthy of you born of the race of Ikshvaku to go back on a promise. If you think that proper, I shall go away just as I had come and may you and your kin live happily." The earth shuddered at Visvamitra's anger and the devatas grew fearful! Vasishta, worshipful, wise and courageous perceived trouble and reasoned with Dasaratha, "Lord, it does not befit you an Ikshvaku, reputed as the most righteous in the three worlds to abandon that very dharma to tread the path of adharma! Unjust and unworthy is this breach of promise which will augur nothing but ill will. Skilled or unskilled in weaponry Rama protected by Kausika will be inviolable to the rakshasas.”

If dharma took a form, it would be known as Visvamitra! This great sage whose might, valor and wisdom have no compare has knowledge of every weapon that exists in the three worlds! Supreme source of ascetic power, he has the skill to wield every one of them, which other men have neither seen nor heard of or ever will. Not even the celestials know of them! While Visvamitra was still a king, Lord Siva gifted those weapons to him. Not only does Visvamitra posses them but has created newer ones. Never fear for Rama's safety so long as he is with the sage, who implores you to send Rama not because he cannot vanquish the demons but because he wants Rama's fame to pervade the earth." With all his fears allayed Dasaratha consented to let Rama accompany Visvamitra.
BALAKANDA
SARGA 22
Dasaratha inspired by Vasishta's gentle persuasion beamed with joy. Summoning Rama and Lakshmana he along with and queen Kausalya bade farewell to Rama and Lakshmana amidst Vedic chants and auspicious mantras. Tranquil of mind and free of anguish Dasaratha fondly kissed Rama on his forehead and delivered him into the care and guidance of Visvamitra. As the great sage set out with Rama, Vayu, the god of wind blew caressingly, the drums of heaven sounded, the skies rained flowers and the palace reverberated with the sound of conches. Visvamitra journeyed back followed by Rama and Lakshmana. With a pair of quivers strapped to their shoulders and armed with bows the princes were a power to reckon with. As they marched forth, their brilliance illumined the entire world. They followed Visvamitra like the twin Aswini Devatas, born of the god of fire.

With wrist and finger guards made of ‘Godha’ skin strapped on, bow in hand, lustrous, handsome and beautifully attired the sons of Dasaratha followed the sage like Skanda and Visaka. When they reached the right bank of Sarayu, Visvamitra full of grace and love said, "Rama, dear boy, sip this water let not the auspicious moments slip by. Accept from me a conglomeration of mantras called Bala and AtiBala. Armed with these, you shall suffer neither fever nor fatigue, nor will your beauty fade. No rakshasa can harm you even if you are asleep or off guard. The might of your arms, in wielding the bow and arrow will be unrivaled. You shall have no equal in these three worlds either in skill, beauty kindness, intellect, resolve or in flawless judgment after the mastery of these mantras. Bala and AtiBala are the mothers of wisdom and knowledge. They will set one free from thirst and hunger. These two mantras are the grand daughters of Lord Brahma. The repeated chanting of these will earn you unequaled fame. You alone are worthy of receiving them. Recited with ascetic discipline they will bestow rare and manifold benefits on you.”

After bathing in the shimmering waters of the Sarayu and performing ‘achamana’, Rama received the two mantras from Visvamitra the power of which enhanced the glow to match the splendor of the Sun god. With Visvamitra’s caring ministrations, Rama and Lakshamana spent a comfortable night sleeping in the open on a bed of grass, on the banks of Sarayu

BALAKANDA
SARGA 23
At dawn the next day Visvamitra said to Rama, "Beloved son of Kausalya, O! Rama, wake up, it is dawn and time for the morning worship and oblations to the gods." The princes rose, bathed in the waters of the Sarayu, offered oblations to the Sun god and chanted the holy Gayatri mantra after which they continued on their journey. Soon they arrived at the confluence of the holy rivers Sarayu and Ganga, which then divided into three paths. Here they came upon the sacred hermitage of Anchorites, who had after observing the most awesome of austerities for many thousands of years had become the supreme possessors of vital powers. The beautiful sight of the hermitage delighted the princes and aroused their interest. They asked the sage as to whom the hermitage belonged and who dwelt there. Smiling gently Visvamitra said, “In the days of yore, this belonged to Manmatha, god of love, who at one time lived here in human form. He dared to distract Siva who was in deep meditation along with the Maruths. Enraged at this sacrilege Siva let out a fearful roar and opened his eyes. His anger blazing out of his third eye like an inferno consumed Manmatha, burning him limb by limb, until he became one with space. Devoid of a form he came to be known as Ananga and the beautiful place where he gave up his body came to be known as the land of Ananga. This holiest of holy places belonged to Siva and these ascetics are descendants of his disciples who live their lives in bliss and piety”.

Visamitra told Rama that they would all spend the night at this hermitage which lay between the two holy rivers, Sarayu and Ganga. They were to perform ablutions at dawn, in the river Ganga followed by oblations with clarified butter as part of the purifying ritual and then enter the hermitage. While Visvamitra was conversing with Rama and Lakshmana the holy men of that hallowed sanctuary sensed their presence. With their all pervading spiritual vision reaching beyond the veil of time, they recognized their noble guests. Immensely pleased, they respectfully offered them water to wash their feet. Hospitality was extended first to Visvamitra and thereafter to Rama and Lakshamana whose grace and reverence pleased the noble souls. At dusk, the hermitage reverberated with Vedic chants. In that famed hermitage, where Kama was destroyed, the three travelers spent the night while Visvamitra regaled the princes with enchanting tales. 

BALAKANDA
SARGA 24
At daybreak having performed the morning rituals Rama and Lakshmana arrived on the banks of Ganga preceded by Visvamithra. The noble hermits of the Kama hermitage procured a boat for their honored guests, wished them a safe journey and bade them farewell with their blessings. Paying respectful homage to the pious hosts Visvamitra along with the young Ikshvakus crossed the gushing Ganga.

As the boat reached mid-stream, Rama and Lakshmana heard a deafening noise and when Rama asked Visvamitra about it, he said, "In the mind of Brahma was born a vision, which manifested itself on mount Kailas as a lake. It was conceived in the intellect of Brahma it came to be known as Manasa sarovar. The river Sarayu flows from Manasa and the great noise that you hear emanates from the turbulence of its waters. The roar of the bounding flow reaches a crescendo when its waters clash with those of the Ganga, at the confluence of the two mighty rivers. Do pay homage to these two holy rivers”. Rama and Lakshmana did so and then reached the southern bank of the river. Marching forward at a brisk pace they soon came upon the most fearsome of forests. Trackless and dense it showed no signs of any human having ever ventured into it. Filled with beasts and birds of prey swarming with insects shrill with the incessant call of crickets and the shrieking of vultures, the forest was a cacophony of multitude sounds. The wooded canopy thick and dark was made up of Bilva, Asvakarna, Kabuka, Tinduka and Patella under which lions, tigers, boars and elephants roamed.

What forbidding forest is this?” Asked Rama and Visvamitra said, "Long ago this land flourished as Malada and Karasu. Abounding in wealth and grain it was built by divine beings. At that period of time Indra killed Vritrasura. Doomed and overpowered by the sin of slaying a Brahmin, Indra was cursed with impurity and endless hunger. Taking pity on his plight, the devas aided by the spiritual and ascetic powers of heavenly sages cleansed him of that transgression. The impurity and taint shed by Indra was deposited at this spot. Purified and freed of his monstrous hunger Indra bestowed a wonderful boon on the land for having absorbed his taint to absolve him of his sin. By the power of the boon Malada and Karusa became flourishing cities of great renown. As the years went they became increasingly prosperous. Blessed with riches and plentiful grain, there was no dearth of anything in the land.

Several years later a yakshni called Tataka arrived upon that affluence in the form of fear and destruction. With the strength of a thousand elephants and capable of taking any form at will the ignoble Tataka was the wife of an intelligent yaksha by name Sunda. Her son Maricha was gigantic and his powers matched to those of Indra. The wicked mother and the son struck terror and wrought havoc on Malada and Karusa. It is here that the yakshini dwells, infesting the forest and obstructing free passage. None can traverse it as she hungers for human flesh. Repulsive, unconquerable and revolting of form, she strikes fear in the hearts of all living beings and also reigns supreme rendering in this region devoid of all human life. O! Rama, slay Tataka with the might of your arms and rid the forest of her diabolic presence. Freed of evil, the land will once again become habitable”.

BALAKANDA
SARGA 25
Rama having heard Visvamitra asked him another question, “The yakshas are said to be gracious and mild. How did this yaksha woman come to possess the might of a thousand elephants?” The sage said, “Tataka by virtue of a boon acquired phenomenal strength. In the days gone by, there lived a powerful and famed yaksha, by name Suketu who performed great austerities for begetting a son. Prajapati did not grant Sukethu a son but gave him a daughter upon whom he also bestowed the strength of a thousand elephants. Born by the boon of the Lord Creator, Tataka grew to be ravishingly beautiful and was given in marriage to Sunda, son of Jharjha.

To this charming couple was born a son strong and invincible. Though born of yaksha parentage, he was cursed to become a rakshasa. Later when Agastya killed Sunda. Enraged, Tataka went on a rampage and she along with her son Maricha rushed forth with the intent of on devouring the sage. Agastya the most powerful of ascetics cursed Maricha and denounced Tataka saying, “From now on you will take the hideous form of a rakshasa woman and losing all beauty, will live on human flesh”. Provoked and fuming Tataka exploded into a violent senseless anger. Wrecking vengeance on the sacred land hitherto tread upon and sanctified by the holy feet of Agastya, she rendered it unfit and unworthy of all human habitation.

"Rama, you alone can end Tataka’s reign of terror. Diabolic of nature, maligned by the curse she is a threat to this very earth. Kill her for the welfare of the Brahmins and the cows. You need not show her either pity or compassion that is usually shown to a woman. It is the duty of a king, to do so in the interest and safety of his subjects. To this end you should not differentiate between man and woman. To protect his people the king should discharge his duty towards an act whether it is cruel or compassionate, sinful or honorable. It is an eternal law which binds those in power, appointed to bear the burden of the kingdom. Rama! Slay her for she does not abide by dharma. Destroy her like Indra destroyed Manthara, the daughter of Virochana, who wanted to annihilate the earth. Many divine persons and eminent men of great honor and valor have slain unrighteous women for the sake of dharma".

BALAKANDA
SARGA 26
Rama bowing to Visvamitra with great reverence said, "In Ayodhya, my father Dasaratha commanded me in the presence of the eminent to carry out every wish of yours, without hesitation. Out of respect for his father’s words and your wishes I will execute that act of dharma, for the welfare of not only the cows and Brahmins, but also for the prosperity of the country. I stand ready to do as you bid and take upon myself the task of eliminating the menace of Tataka". Rama then held his bow and twanged at the string, sending out a fearful sound, which reverberated in all the four directions even as the dwellers of forest trembled with fear. Tataka unaware and confused at what could have caused the thunderous sound ran out in a great fury.

Wrathful and ugly, Tataka came bounding striking terror into the hearts of the not so brave. Seeing her, Rama said to Lakshmana, “She looks invincible and she possesses magical powers. I am going to disfigure her by cutting her nose and ears for I am averse to killing a woman. I will also deprive her of her strength and her power of motion by doing away with her limbs. The infuriated monster charged forward generating a fierce dust storm which dismayed Rama and Lakshmana for a moment. Tataka then rained on the Ikshvaku princes who in anger retaliated that rain of rocks with a rain of arrows and cut off the hands of the demon as she was advancing.

Deprived of her limbs, worn out, roaring with anger and writhing in pain, Tataka then lost her ears and nose to the wrath of Lakshamana. Then using her magical powers she vanished from sight but did not stop from sending another torrent of rocks as a parting shot. Seeing Rama and Lakshmana hit by the rocks Visvamitra spoke up, “She does not deserve any more mercy. This yakshini who is sinful and wicked deserves death. She will regain her strength soon, so slay her before dusk, for after the Sun sets the rakshasas become invincible". Rama marching forward detracted the raining rocks with his arrows, which were capable of detecting and traveling in the direction of sound.

Frustrated that her being invisible proved futile, Tataka hurled herself at Rama, who swift as lightening shot her in the chest with an arrow and she fell lifeless. Seeing the mountainous heap of matter, as frightening in death as in life, the lord of the gods and the gods themselves honored Rama and commended his valor. Indra blessed Visvamitra with prosperity and fame for having gratified the devas by encouraging Rama to annihilate the fearful yakshini. He also wanted Visvamitra to reward Rama with the astras of Bhrisasvas the two weapons endowed with ascetic power and energy. “Rama alone is worthy of them. He alone can use them to ward off many such evils to come and protect the celestials", said Indra. Devatas and siddhas praised Rama for killing Tataka. Liberated from the curse of Tataka and her dreaded presence the forest regained its radiant charm and came to be as splendid as that of Kubera’s Chitraratha.

Visvamitra happy at the death of Tataka, fondly kissed Rama on the forehead saying that they should all rest for the night and journey on to his hermitage on the morrow. Rama retired for the night and woke up at dawn to the call of Visvamitra.




BALAKANDA
SARGA 27
At daybreak, smiling with affection Visvamitra said “Rama, I am pleased and proud of the good you have done to this earth by slaying Tataka. Fulfilled and happy, I bequeath the wealth of weapons to you with love. With these you will be victorious not only against devas and rakshasas, but also against the gandharvas, nagas, uragas and all others, of whom you will be the master.”

Starting with the celestial Danda, Dharma, Kala and, Visnu chakras the Vajra astras, the prestigious spear of Siva, Brahmashivaastra, the Aishikaastra and the mightiest of all, the Brahmastra; the two brilliant maces, Modaki and Shikari along with Dharmapasa and Kalapasa shall be yours. The sage gave away these and many more mighty and exalted astras.

Visvamitra having purified himself stood facing east, while he conferred the astras on Rama. He taught Rama the complete acquisition and the incantations to evoke those weapons, difficult to attain even by the celestials. Evoked by Visvamitra, the presiding deities of the weapons manifested themselves into Rama’s presence saying, "We are your servants ". Receiving the astras, Rama touched the astra devatas with his hand, as a token of acceptance and wished them to come, whenever he invoked them. Pleased and fulfilled he paid respectful homage to the noble sage Visvamitra

BALAKANDA
SARGA 28
Setting out after accepting the weapons, with an expression of joy, Rama said to Kausika, “with the power of these weapons I am invincible even to the gods, but I still have no knowledge of withdrawing them”. Visvamitra telling Rama of how to withdraw those weapons, propelled by mantras asked him to receive from him some more astras – Satyavanta, Satya Kirit, Dhrishta, Rabhasa, PratiharaTara, Paranmukha, Avanmukha, Lakshaksha, Vishama, Dhrudanabha, Sunabha, Dasaksha, Satavakrta, Dasashirsha, Satodara, Padmanabha, Mahanabha, undunabha, Sunabhaka, Jyotisha Prusanam, both Nairasya and, Vimala, Yogandhara, Haridra, Daitya, Prasamana, Sarchirmali, Dhri, Mali, Vritimanta, Ruchira, Pitriu Sanmanasa, both Vidhuta, Makara, KaraveeraKara, Dhana, Dhanya, KamaRoopa, Kama Ruchi, Moha, Avarana, Jhrumbaka, Sarvanabha, Santhana and Varuna.

Rama received these astras with delight. Some of the astra devatas were dark, like coal dug from the bowels of the earth while some were like smoke. Some others shone like the rays of the Sun and the Moon, some had bodies of great brilliance and all reverently bowed to Rama. Visvamitra with utmost grace told Rama that the astras should be commanded as to what they should accomplish and told the astras to be aware of Rama”s wishes. Rama then said to astra devatas “You may go as you wish, for now. But keep yourselves ready and alert to come, when I invoke you in my mind”. Promising to do so they worshipfully took leave of him.


Walking along with Visvamitra Rama said “ I see a green canopy over at that mountain with the dance of tree tops the symphony of cooing birds and the wandering of restless animals it is beautiful. From the aura of this region and its serenity I gather we have emerged from that terrifying forest. Is that the place where we will find those and wicked killers of Brahmins? What sacrilegious and infamous people create obstacles to your godly pursuits and where is the sacrificial altar, which I must protect? Where are the rakshasas whom I must slay?”

BALAKANDA
SARGA 29
Visvamitra coming out of the Tataka forest said “Pre-eminent among the devatas and lord of the three worlds Visnu as a pious ascetic had once lived here immersed in yogic practices and penance for many hundred yugas. This holy hermitage formerly belonged to Vamana who was also an incarnation of lord Narayana who had also attained perfection. From then on, this place where Kasyapa also became a Siddha, was known as Siddhashrama.


At the same period of time, when Visnu was observing austerities, emperor Bali, son of Virochana, had vanquished Indra, the Maruths and devas. Renowned for his valor and generosity, had established his sovereignty throughout the three worlds. While he was performing a yagna to retain that supremacy the gods led by Agni assembled here in this hermitage and told Visnu of Bali’s yagna. They said that they must achieve their purpose before he completed the Yagna as he was giving away virtually every thing he had, however much it may be to any one who came to him, asking for a gift. Transform yourself into Vamana a dwarf and accomplish the auspicious mission ”Said the gods.


While the devatas were pleading with Visnu, Kasyapa arrived effulgent like the fire his brilliance enhanced by virtue of his association with Aditi, having ended his rigorous penance lasting a thousand divine years said, "Oh lord! You are the divinity to be worshiped with penance. Your nature is penance and you are an embodiment of pure knowledge. Your divine form is visible to me only through the powers of my penance and in you I see the entire universe. To you, who have neither beginning nor end, who are all pervading and beyond description, I prostrate". Pleased, Visnu said, “Kasyapa may you prosper. You are worthy of a boon, do ask for one”, and Kasyapa said, “ O Lord ! I beg you to grant a boon to my wife Aditi, to the devas and to me. May you be born as our son and as brother to Indra, for the deliverance of the tormented devatas”. Kasyapa further implored, “Lord of devas! With my penance bearing fruit and with your blessings, may this hermitage be renowned as Siddhashrama and may you reincarnate in this place.”


The lord heeding to Kasyapa’s wishes incarnated through Aditi as Vamana the dwarf and set out to the land of Bali. Visnu ever the giver and never the receiver in the form of Vamana desired of Bali three feet of land. It was granted. The two feet measured by the feet of the lord took up the entire surface of the earth, the dome of the sky and the depths of the world. Restraining Bali with his divine powers he put his foot on Bali's head. Visnu then returned all the three worlds into Indra's care”.


In this hermitage which removes the fatigue of worldly life which had once belonged to Vamana I now reside by virtue of my immense devotion and reverence to him. The wicked demons are even now advancing towards the hermitage to hinder and obstruct my yagna. You have to slay these mean rakshasas right here and now, let us go now to that sacred hermitage, which is as much yours, as it is mine.


Upon entering the hermitage they were greeted by those dwelling in the hermitage. Rushing out to worship Visvamitra, Rama and Lakshmana. they said with reverence “May glory be yours, Kausika! Begin your austerities this very day. May this Siddhashrama, prosper by the powers of your yagna and gain great fame”.
BALAKANDA
SARGA 30
The valiant princes Rama and Lakshmana now stood ready to avert the marauding demons from disrupting the sacrifice. Pleased at their eagerness to repel the rakshasas, the sages commended the royal brothers and told them that Visvamitra would remain in silence until the conclusion of the yagna and that they were to stand guard for six nights.


Bowing to the ascetics, the famed Ikshvaku princes watched over the hermitage for six days and nights forgoing sleep to protect Visvamitra. On the sixth day Rama warned Lakshmana to be on guard and doubly vigilant and waited impatiently to combat the demons. Just then the sacrificial fires tended by Visvamitra and other sages suddenly leaped into a great blaze enhancing the radiance of the altar adorned by the greatest of sages Kausika. Ritual articles like the Kusa grass, ladles, vessels and flowers, showed up starkly in the brightness of those flames. Suddenly a loud noise frightening and thunderous was heard. And Out of the blue sky blotting out the blue of it, came Maricha and Subahu. Threatening as rain clouds they came with their dreaded followers who poured down torrents of blood. Furious at the desecration of the holy altar, Rama rushed forward and seeing the demons hurling towards him called out to Lakshmana, “watch, as I scatter these evil, flesh eating rakshasas, like wind blown clouds, with the weapon, Manava”. That weapon hurled Maricha into the ocean flood, a hundred yojanas away where he lay crushed and unconscious. Rama then told Lakshmana, that though stunned Maricha was not dead but he would kill all the other blood-thirsty rakshasas who destroyed holy yagnas.”


Rama took up the immensely powerful Agneya astra and shot at Subahu who pierced to the heart fell to earth, dead. The remaining demons fell prey to the power of Vayavya astra. Having slain those evildoers thwarting yagnas and yagas, Rama received worshipful tribute from the seers, like Indra on the occasion of his victory over rakshasas. Visvamitra lauded Rama beholding the four directions cleared and cleansed of all evil. He said “I have achieved my purpose and you have honored your father’s word. With victory over the rakshasas the name of this sanctuary, as Siddhashrama has been justified”.

POSTED BY..........................VIPUL KOUL




 






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