201-204. O lord of kings and controllerof enemies, Janardana Hari, having got erected such establishment of S'ambhu and the goddess (Parvati) in that pose, made his abode on the head of Jalodbhava. O lion among men, the sages, the gods, the Nagas, the Gandharvas, the hosts of the heavenly maidens, all came there at the head of Jalodbhava to see this (statue) in which both Kesava and S'iva - the destroyers of all sins - are represented and to see Janardana, the god of gods who erected the divine image. 205-206. When the chief gods, sages and Nagas had taken their seats, Kas'yapa, standing in front with joined hands, said to the boon-giver Visnu, "O god, let this country be inhabited by human beings and be holy as well as charming." When Kas'yapa had spoken thus, the Nagas uttered these words: Verses 201-300
207-208. "0 best among the sages, we would not live in the Company of men." Then Prajapati Kas'yapa certainly became angry and said to them, "As you speak audaciously; without paying regard to my words, so you shall have to dwell in the company of the Pisacas. There is no doubt here.
209. Kas'yapa having spoken thus, Nila said with joined hands, "O Brahman, they are overpowered by anger and know nothing".
210-212. Then Kas'yapa, the most pious sage, spoke to him, "In the centre of the Sea of Sand, there is an oasis six yojanas long. There dwell highly terrible Pis'acas belonging to the side of the Daityas. Nikumbha - the noble and strong lord of the Pisacas - has been appointed by Kubera for keeping them in check. Every time in the month of Caitra, he along with many Pisacas goes to fight.
213-214. There are five crore Pis'acas who are the followers of Nikumbha. Nikumbha goes along with them and fights continuously (against the evil-minded Pisacas) for six months. Of the evil-minded Pisacas, too, there live only five crores.
215. O Nila, those who exceed ten crores on both the sides are destroyed every time, in the period of six months.
216. Due to the favour of the god (Kubera), the mighty Nikumbha, along with his five crore (followers), comes again everytime on the bright fifteenth of As'vayuj.
217-218. For six months he lives happily on the Himacala. From today I have allotted to him a dwelling-place here for six months (of each year). You shall have to live here for six months with him along with his armies and for six months, after his departure, in the company of men."
219-220. Addressed thus, the pious Nila said to his father, "We are ready to live always in the company of men. We would not live with the Pisacas who are cruel and who like cruelty." When Nila the Naga-chief spoke thus, Visnu said :
221. "O Nila, the words of the sage will be effective for one Caturyuga (i.e. four aeons). After that you will live~ in the company of men only.
222. Here the Pisacas will always become weak. Endowed with strength, they will go, to the Sea of Sand for six months.
223-224. The men will worship the Naga in whose territory they shall dwell, with flowers, incense, ointments, eatable offerings, incenses of various types and excellent gifts of dramatic performances.
225. Those men in this country, who will follow the good customs laid down by you, will be endowed with animals and grains.
226. Prajapati is called Ka, and Kasyapa is also Prajapati. Built by him this country will be called Kas'mira.
227. Because water called Ka was taken out by Balarama (the plough-wielder) from this country, so this will be called Kas'mira in this world.
228-229. O Naga, because Kas'mira is the same as Uma so - She - nourished by me, celebrated as Vis'oka and assuming the form of a woman shall dwell at Vrddhatirtha.
230. O Naga, at that sacred place there shall always be the dwelling-place of Vasuki, the king of the Nagas. Worship him who lives there.
231. O chief of the Nagas, that lord of the kings of the Nagas is a part of my ownself. He who disobeys his order meets destruction at my hand.
232-233. O Naga, the dwelling of the Nagas is the city named Bhogavati. Having become a Yogi that Naga-chief (Vasuki) dwells there as well as here. But with his primary body, Vasuki, protecting the Nagas, shall live in Bhogavati. O sinless one, you (also) dwell here constantly."
234. Having said so, Visnu then went on his desired course. The gods, the sages, the Nagas, and the Gandharvas went away as they had come.
235. Since then, the country is inhabited for six months (of the year), by human beings belonging to various countries, and for six months by the eaters of raw flesh.
236. O chief of the kings, having collected rice, grains etc. the human beings go away after taking permission and came back always on (the full-moon day of) Caitra.
237-238. O king, pleased to see Kasnura thus populated, Kas'yapa worshipped the god S'ankara and induced the goddess Uma to purify this country by the gift of water. She - the in destroying one - is renowned as the river Vitasta.
239. Having worshipped the god Kesava, he induced Laksmi to purify this country. She is glorified as Vis'oka.
240. Induced by Kas'yapa, Aditi, the mother of the gods also, having become the river named Trikoti, flows in this country.
241. Induced by Kas'yapa, Saci also, who is the wife of Indra, became in this country, Harsapatha, by name the destroyer of sins.
242. Diti, following the advice of the sage, became (the river) Candravati. The goddess Yamuna gave her own Drtion to the Vitasta.
243. Thus, by the order of Kas'yapa, the mothers of the gods and the demons and the holy wives of the gods assumed the forms of rivers.
244. O lord of the earth, then, due to the advice of Kas'yapa, the sacred waters, the oceans and the rivers went to Kas'mira and her vicinity.
245. O lord of the kings, thus, on the arrival of Vaivasvata Antara, the highly meritorious and beautiful wife of Hara was born as Kas'mira.
246. Desiring continuous welfare, you should regard the king Kasmira as born of a portion of Hara and never disobey him.
247. Gonanda (spoke): "How did Sati, Saci, Ganga, Aditi, Yamuna, Diti and the goddess Karisini obtain the forms of rivers here?"
248. Brhadasva (said): "Once the glorified goddesses went to see Kas'yapa. The venerable sage Kas'yapa induced them there (thus).
249. The beautiful country named Kas'mira has been created by me. O possessed of pure smiles, cherish that (country) by gift of water.
250. Aditi, Diti, Saci and the river Ganga said,"Let it be so" but neither Uma nor Karisini (spoke).
251. Then he worshipped S'ankara for (inducing) Sati, Hara thereafter said to his wife: "Do as has been said by Kas'yapa."
252. The goddess then spoke to the sage. "That country being my own body is already purified. What is to be done by me there ?"
253. Kas'yapa (said): "As the human beings are always associated with Pis'achas there, so their intellect does not always diverge from sin.
254. Dishonoured in all countries, possessed of evil practices and covered with impurities .....
255. O beautiful faced, their sin can be allayed by you alone, as the sin committed in this land is regarded to be very weighty by me.
256. Brhadas'va ( said): After knowing this fact, the goddess, having a face beautiful like the moon and possessed of great compassion, said to her lord:
257-59. "O father of the world, I shall assume the form of a river in the Nether World. Make a stroke with your spear near the abode of Nila, where, O lord, while breaking the mountain, was (placed) the point of the plough. By that stroke of the spear I shall come out of the Nether World and shall follow the way made with the plough up to the place where thereis the great river Sindhu." The god Hara (accordingly) did this and so did lhe beautiful Sati.
260-61. S'ankara himself named her as Vitasta. Because Hara had excavated with the spear a ditch measuring one Vitasti, through which the good river - gone to the Nether World - had come out, so she was given the name Vitasta by Svayambhu.
262. Then, O king, the people in all the countries heard that the goddess Sati, after assuming the form of a river, had appeared in Kas'mira.
263-64. Then the people, possessed of great sins, came to have bath in that (river). Being afraid of them, she went away quickly from that way excavated by means of spear to the Nether world. Propitiating her, Kas'yapa again brought her out near Pancahasta.
265. Issuing forth from the abode of the Naga Pancahasta, she had covered a distance of one gavyuti only when an ungrateful person, verily, saw her.
266-67. Seen by an ungrateful one, she again disappeared. Persuaded once more by the sayings of Kas'yapa, the best of the rivers allowed her person to be seen at a distance of a Kros'a from that Cakra. Then seen by one who had illicit relation with a friend's wife, she again disappeared.
268. By the word of Kas'yapa and praised by thousands of Brahmanas, the beautiful river was brought out at the hermitage of Narasimha.
269. Again at a distance of one Krosa, the great river, seen by a Brahmana-killer, vanished at once and then Kas'yapa said to her:
270. "Salutation to you, O daughter of the king of mountains; salutation to you, loved by the best sages; salutation to you, the giver of boons, worthy of being solicited and possesed of sacred character by association with Hara.
271-72. O goddess - devoid of impurities and grief, having holy and cool water, with the banks approached by the frolicsome wives of the gods, embraced by the twice-born and the gods - afraid of whom you are running away, those very men - devoid of all sins and shining with great lustre - surround you.
273. O goddess, just as a thing burnt in the fire gets purity, so is the purity (obtained ) from your sight. All sins become purified in the same way. O great goddess, be favourable !
274. O great river, you have been requested for the purification of the sinners, so purify the sins. O swiftly going one, do not go out of sight."
275. Gratified thus with devotion of the high-minded Kas'yapa, the goddess spoke to Kas'yapa who was speaking in that way.
276-78. "I do not dare purify those who are associated with too much of sin. For this implore Laksmi, the beloved of the bowholder (i.e. Visnu). She is capable of purifying even the three worlds. Aditi, Diti, the great river Ganga and all other rivers do not bear any comparison to her. Request today only Laksmi - the beloved of Kes'ava."
280-81. Govinda said to Laksmi. "O goddess go, do not be late." Addressed thus by Kesava, Laksmi - filled with grief - spoke this sentence: "O Lord, Sati has already gone there. She will, verily, take away the credit of me who shall go afterwards.
282. Knowing her full of grief, Kas'yapa spoke again. You are the supreme power appearing in various forms.
283-84. O goddess, daughter of the sea, devoid of dust, holy, abode of auspiciousness, it is you who are Kas'mira, it is you who are glorified as Uma, it is you who, O goddess, are living in the forms of all goddesses.
285. The water of the Vitasta, mixed with your water, may be such as is the honey mixed with nectar. Bathed in your water, even the sinners become free at once and are purified."
286-87. Lauded by Kasyapa, she became devoid of grief. The giver of boons, (she) thought, "I must act according to the words of my lord and of the sage. Certainly, there is no use of my thinking. Having assumed the form of a river she went quickly. Kas'mira spoke:
288-89. "Go soon before Sati reaches here to wait for you. O beautiful one, purify (this) country with water before she purifies it first. You will get a good name." Having heard her words she became griefless.
290. That river, therefore is always called Vis'oka (Griefless) by the people. Kasmira, whose speed is like that of the mind, also told (everything) to the goddess Sati.
291. Having listened to the activities of Laksmi, Sati, who had heard all the details, became pleased and stood waiting in the way near the hermitage of Dhaumya.
292. Vis'oka, too, afterwards, came through the hole of Akhu as it was vacant and saw Vitasta who was standing in front.
293. O chief of the kings, Viskoa - freed of all jealousy on seeing Vitasta - joined her. Then Vitasta, who had reached there first, appropriated her name.
294-96. O lord, then angry Visolca cursed Kas'mira, "O wicked one, as I have been absorbed by you today by means of falsehood and you have informed Sati about my activities, so your people will be mostly liars, possessed of impurities, hired servants and dishonoured in the worlds.
297. As regards taking away of my prestige by Sati, there is no humiliation to me as the goddess Sati, O Kas'mira, undoubtedly is the same as I.
298. Then the best among the rivers, namely Sati accompanied by Laksmi, went slowly through the way made with the plough, purifying the people.
299. Aditi, the mother of the gods celebrated as Trikoti, joined the goddess Vitasta.
300. O king, then (joined) Saci, the wife of Indra, named as river Harsapatha, and Diti, the mother of Daityas, Chandravati by name.
by Dr. Ved Kumari
Om auspiciousness. Salutation to the auspicious Ganes'a.
Salutation to the venerable Vasudeva Om.501-503. After that on the 14th of the dark-half of the month, one should take bath, before sun-rise, in the cool water of the Vitasta or the Visoka or the Candravati or the Harsapatha or the Trikoti or the Sindhu or the holy Kanakavahini or any other holy river or the water-reservoirs and the lakes. 504. Seven kand-fulls of watershould be offered in the name of Yama, one for each name. Listen from me those names: Verses 501-600
505. To Yama, to Dharmaraja, to Mrtyu, to Antaka, to Vaivasvata, to Kala and to Destroyer of all life.
506. Having taken bath, one should worship Dharmraja with flowers, incenses, scents and a great quantity of rice mixed with pulses.
507. Fire-worship should be performed with sesame mixed with clarified butter, and the Brahmanas should be fed with rice mixed with pulses, and should be given the sacrificial fee.
508-9. O best among the twice-borns, by doing so a man is purified and freed from all sins if he be not associated with Great Sins. How can there be saivation for the performer of Great Sins, without performing atonements?
510. Bath etc. everything is considered to be imperishable therein, if the fifteenth (of the dark half of Pausa ) be joined with Sravana.
511-14. On the 4th of the bright half of the month of Magha, one desiring prosperity should worship Uma with lamps, grains, garlands, incenses, ginger, coarse sugar, Kusumbha flower, salt, saffron, collyrium, comb and Kunda flowers brought even with great effort. O descendant of Kasyapa, the women, who are devoted to their husbands and whose husbands are alive, and also the sisters etc. should be worshipped there. Same should be done in the month of Asvayuj and same in the month of Jyestha.
515. Aman possessed of devotion should celebrate all 4th days, but this triad of fourth days (should be celebrated) certainly. O Brahmana, the women should especially celebrate these (days).
516. On the full-moon night of Magha, a man should perform Sraddha with sesame and give enough food consisting of pious offerings to the crows.
517. After the passing away of the eighth of the month of Magha, there should be celebrated for three days, a small festival. Know the procedure of that from me.
518-19. In the twenty fourth Treta, Hari shall assume the form of a human being, Raghunandana Rama, son of Dasaratha. Thence forward should be celebrated a small festival and after that (small one) a great one.
520. Caru (grain boiled in milk or butter or water) of all grains should be prepared with effort. The Brahmanas, the relatives made by marriage and the maternal relatives should be worshipped with that (caru) and cakes of flour.
521-22. The goddess Sita - wife of Rama - should be worshipped with effort. On the 9th should be fed the Brahmanas with eatables made of flour mixed with honey, as the means may allow. Karisini should be warshipped.
523. On the tenth should be prepared rice of various types and with that should be worshipped the Brahmanas, the friends and the followers.
524. One should honour one's own self and listen to vocal and instrumental music. Ceremonies of touching auspicious things should be performed, verily, for three days.
525-26. O twice-born, if that twelfth (day) be associated with Sravana, then the wise observing last should worship the god Hari and do all performances with sesame as said before. O giver of honour, everything done in that becomes imperishable.
527. On the dark fourteenth after the passing-away of that ( twelfth), one observing fast, should take bath and worship Mahesvara.
528. The wise should bathe the Linga with its woollen covering put aside, with the method followed in the Awakening of God and with materials mentioned above.
529-30. Having worshipped (the Linga) with scents, garlands, red clothes, ointments, eatable offerings of various types and pleasing of Fire and the Brahmanas, devotion with vigil at night should be observed. Siva Dharmas and (the stories about) the incarnations of Siva should be listened to.
531-33. In the eatable offerings for Sankara, animals should be made of flour. He should be worshipped on the fifteenth also. O best among the twice-borns, there too, meals consisting of haif ripe barley and cakes of sugar covered with sesames should be taken. The God must be necessarily worshipped on the 14th of the dark half of that month. In other months, He may or may not be worshipped according to one's desire. Having worshipped Him, one is established in Rudraloka and obtains mastery over the Ganas.
534. O best among the twice-borns, listen to me who am saying as to how the festival in the bright half of the month of Phalguna should be celebrated.
535. Observing fast, the persons - bathed and adorned - should place earthen lamps on the snow at the time of night-fall.
536-37. After that, the gods and the Fathers should be fed. Next day, the houses and especially the temples should be worshipped with beautiful garlands of grains. Then should be worshipped Sita with scents, garlands etc.
538. After that, spccial meals should be taken, and then should be celebrated the festival, full of songs and dances.
539. Except the cooked food which is to be given daily, nothing should be given on that day. Anything received should be got hold of with great effort.
540. Next day, one should decorate oneself, touch auspicious things and celebrate a special festival.
541. On that day, gifts should be given to and accepted from the twice-borns, deperldants, craftsmen and relatives.
542. Those who are addicted to drinking should drink wine and the Brahmanas should take auspicious drinks. The bed chamber should be perfumed with the perfume of incense.
543-44. None should be made ill-disposed on that day. Happy women - well-fed, well-dressed, well-scented, well-anointed and decorated with ornaments - should play in the company of men.
545. On the rising of the moon in the (full-moon) night of Phalguna, the moon and after that Aryama also should be worshipped.
546-47. Vigil should be observed during the night by singing, dancing and playing on instruments. On next day should be viewed the performances of the dancers, the actors and the singers. This should continue up to the fifth of the dark-half (of Phalguna).
548. Meals consisting mainly of a medicinal plant Parpata should be taken for five days and decoration of the womenfolk and the self should be made.
549. O twice-born, on that very fifth day Kasmira becomes menstruating so her worship must be performed thereafter.
550. A beautiful stone-image of Kasmira should be made and that should be worshipped by offering unguents, clothes and eatables.
551. Decorative things like flowers, incense etc. should not be given to her for three days. O best among the twice- born, offering of milk is also prohibited.
552. The worship should be performed by women, by no means by men. The goddess should be bathed by women on the 8th of the dark half of that month. Afterwards, she should be bathed by the twice-borns, from pitchers full of all medicines.
553-554. Having bathed that goddess with scents, seeds, jewels and fruits successively, they should worship her with scents, garlands, clothes, ornaments, food and special preparations of cow's milk.
556-56. Sacrifice for the gods should be performed with eatables of triangular shape made of ground Phaseolus Mungo (mudga), husked rice and unhushked rice and these should be given to the relatives also. Fire-worship should be performed and so also the worship of the Brahmanas.
557. The women - well-bathed, well-scented, well-fed and well-dressed - should be pleased on that day.
558. O twice-born, food should be sent to the friend's house, and music of Tantri-instrument should be listened to at ease by the well-fed (persons) .
559. O best among the twice-borns, Kasmira - bathed after menstruation - becomes pregnant since then, so cultivation should be started after that.
560-63. Having made the field ready on a day told by the astrologer, one, surrounded by the friends, should worship the goddess Earth, a pair of bulls, cow, horse, Baladeva, Mahadeva, Vamadeva, the Sun, the Moon, the lord of medicines, Parjanya, Indra, Pracetas, Rama, Laksmana, Sita, Sesa - the bearer of the earth, Brahma, Kasyapa, Fire, Wind, Sky, each one separately with garlands, scents, incenses and eatable offerings.
564. Fire-worship should be performed, and after that the worship of the Brahmanas (should be performed). Then sacrificial fee should be given to the Brahmanas, according to one's means.
565. Thereafter, a man - well-anointed, well-decorated, well-fed and possessed of auspicious features should sow the seed.
566. The seed, drenched in water rendered holy with gold, should be sown with gold amidst high sounds of musical instruments, and Brahmanas on a holy day.
567-68. At first one should plough the auspicious earth which is already inclined (to receive the seed). O twice-born, well-decorated one should eat, in the centre of the field, in the company of friends, wife and dependants. A festival full of singing and dancing should be celebrated with heart- enchanting sounds of musical instruments.
569. O twice-born, it is stated that on the eleventh day following (the full-moon night) of Phalguna, the women should worship the god Chandah.
570. Men should never wonhip him. Due to a boon given by Brahma, he is to receive worship from the women.
571. (He should be worshipped) with the flesh of water-born animals, various types of eatables, garlands, incenses and fragrant saffron.
572-73. After such worship, the wise should worship him on the twelfth. O twice-born, after being sent out of one's house through the door, he should be brought in through the ventilator. Then he should be placed at one's will.
574. O best among the twice-born, on the fourteenth of that (fortnight). Sankara should be worshipped and a great festival should be celebrated at night.
575. O Brahmana, highly strong and pious-minded Nikumbha, along with his followers, worships Sankara on that fourteenth.
576. Vigil should be observed during that night and the worship of Sambhu - the god of gods - should be performed with effort.
577. Nikumbha - the lord of the Pisacas - should also be worshipped and the well-prepared oblations should be offered to the Pisacas.
578-80. (Offerings) mixed with cakes of meat and other non-vegetarian food, fish, meat etc. should be placed under the trees, in cow-pens, in various types of houses, on road- crossings, in streets, court-yards, rivers, prominent vacant houses, on tops of mountains, in palaces, burning-grounds and on roads. O descendant of Kasyapa, children should be protected during that night, in every house.
581. Sportive men should pass that night in the company of courtesans, with the observance of the vow of celibacy and with singing, dancing and heart-enchanting musical instruments.
582. Then on the last dark fifteenth of the year, one should perform Sraddha and offer food to the dogs, at one's desire.
583-84. O descedant of Kasyapa, on the first day in the beginning of the blight half of Caitra, the worship of Brahma must be performed by the wise with various sorts of flowers, scents, clothes, ornaments, incenses, fire-worships and plcasing of the Brahmanas.
585. On that very day, Mahasanti ceremony should be performed by the rich, for the obtainment and preservation of wealth.
586. O descendent of Kasyapa, on that very day should be worshipped Time, as formerly, the reckoning of time was started on that day.
587. On that very day, verily, Brahma created this world at sun-rise. O best among the twice-borns, we have heard thus.
588. The gods Brahma Visnu and Mahesvara should be worshipped. Rites for propitiating planets and constellations should be performed in accordance with the instructions of an astrologer.
589. O giver of honour, all the planets, and all the stars should be worshipped, and also the year and all other parts of Time.
590. Kala and Kalpa both are to be worshipped and so also fourteen Manus who had been in the past and shall be in future. Listen to their names from me.
591-92. First of all (comes) Svayambhuva Manu, then (come) Svarocisa Manu, Auttama, Tamasa, Raivata, Caksusa Vaivasvata, Arkasavarni, Brahmasavarna, Bhadresa, Daksasavarna, Raucya and Bhautya.
593-95. O Brahman, fourteen lords Or the gods namely Vihabhuk, Vipascit, Sucitti, Nidhi, Vibhu, Manojava Tejasvi, Vadi, Adbhuta, Santi, Vrsa - the excellent god, Rtudhama - the lord of the gods, Suci and Sukla are to be worshipped.
O best among the twice-born, the worship of Yugas (Ages) also should be performed.
596-97. Five Samvatsaras, two Ayanas, six seasons and twelve months should be worshipped. Two fort-nights and fifteen dates should also be worshipped. Karanas, Muhurtas and Rasis should be worshipped separately.
598-600. Marici, Atri, Angira, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu, Bhrgu, Sanatkumara, Sanaka, Sanandana, Dharma, Vasistha, Satya, Kama, Artha, Hutasana, Vasus, Rudras, the guardians of the worlds who live on the Lokaloka mountain, and the guardians of the quarters namely, Sudhama, Sankhapada, Ketuman and Hiranyaroma should also be worshipped.
by Dr. Ved Kumari
Salutation to the venerable Vasudeva Om.
601-605. O best of the Brahmanas, Sakra etc. (should be worshipped) and so also the daughters of Daksa, namely, Sati, Khyati, Smrti, Svaha, Anasuya, Svadha, Priti, Ksama, Sambhuti, Sannati, Arundhati, Kirti, Laksmi, Dhrti, Medha Tusti, Sraddha, Kriya, Mati, Buddhi, Lajja, Vasu, Santi, Pusti, Siddhi, Rati, Arundhati Vasudhasi, Lamba, Bhanu, Marutvati, Samkalpa, Muhurta, Sadhya, Visva, Aditi, Diti, Kala, Danayu, Simhika, Muni, Kadru, Krodha, Ira, Pava Vinata, Surabhi, Khasa, Bhrsasva, Suprabha and Jaya. 606. Bahuputra and his two wives should be worshipped. Aristanemi accompanied by his four wives should be worshipped. Verses 601-700
607. Rddhi, Vrddhi, Nidra, Dhanesa and Nadakubara (should be worshipped). The treasures Sankha and Padma should be worshipped and so also Bhadrakali and Sarasvati.
608. Vellas, Upavedas, Vedangas, all the abodes of knowledge, Nagas, Yaksas, Pisacas, Garuda and Aruna ( should be worshipped ).
609. Of the continents, namely, Janabu, Saka, Kusa, Kraunca, Salmali, Gomeda and Puskara each should be wonhipped separately.
610. (The seas) of salty water, milk, butter, curd, wine, sugarcane-juice and tasty water (should be worshipped).
611-12a. Holy Uttara Kurus, Ramya, Hairanvata, Bhadrasva, Ketumala, Ilavrta. Harivarsa, Kimpurusa and Bharatavarsa (should be worshipped).
612b-15. Nine divisions of Bharata, namely, Indradyumna, Kaseruman, Tamravarna Gabhastiman, Nagadvipa, Saumya, Gandharva, Varuna and this Manavadvipa surrounded by the seas should also be worshipped. Four oceans should be worshippcd and so also the seven Nether worlds, namely, Rukmdbhauma, Silabhauma, Nilamrttika, Raktabhauma, Pitabhauma, Sveta and Krsnaksiti.
616-17. O best among the twice-borns, Kalagniruda, Sesa, Varaha, Hari and the worlds, namely, Bhuh, Bhuvah, Svar, Mahah, Janah, Tapas and Satya should be worshipped. One should worship the Earth, the Water the Fire, the Air, and the Ether.
618-620. (One should wororship) the Mind, the Intelligence the Soul and the unmanifested Purusa. (One should worship) Himavan Hemakuta, Nisadha, the mountain Nila, Sveta, Srngavan, Meru, Malyavan and Gandhamadana.
The chief mountain named Manasottara should be worshippod and so also Mahendra, Malaya, Sahya, Suktiman, Rksavan, Vindhya, Pariyatra and Kailasa - the best of the mountains.
621-622. O giver of honour ! (one should worship) the scven rivers (namely), Bhagirathi, Pavani, Hladini, Hradini, Sita, Vanksu and Sindhu. (One should worship) Suprabha, Kancanaksi, Visala, Manasahrada, Sarasvati, Oghananda and Sumeru having unsullied water.
623-624. (One should worship) sacred places such Puskara, and rivers such as the Vitasta and others. (One should worship ) Saci, Vanaspati, Gauri, Dhumrorna of beautiful form, Simvali, Kuhu, Raka and auspicious Anumati. (One should worship) Ayati, Niyati, Prajna, Mati, Vela and Dharini.
625. (One should worship) the two gods, namely, Dhata and Vidhata, and also the seven metres. (One should worship) Airavana, Surabhi and Uccaihsravasa.
626. (One should worship) Dhanvantari, Dhruva, and arms and weapons. (One should worship) Kumara, Vinayaka and Vinayakas.
627. ( One should worship) Sakha, Visakha, Skanda, Naigamesa, the wind-Gods and Fever - the lord of diseases.
628. ( One should worship) Valakhilya sages and Kasyapa, Agastya and Narada. (One should) worship also the holy nymphs and the gods who drink Soma.
629. ( One should worship) Adityas, Vasus, Rudras, Visvedevas, Asvinas, Bhrgus, Angiras, Sadhyas and highly strong Maruts.
630. (One sllould worship) the twelve suns (namely Dhata, Mitra, Aryarna, Pusa, Sakra, Amsa, Varuna, Bhaga, Tvasta, Vivasvan, Savita and Visnu).
631. Dhara, Dhruva, Bhoja, Apa, Anil, Anala, Pratyusa and Prabhasa are proclaimed to be eight Vasus.
632-33. Angaraka, Surya, Nirrti, Ghosa, Ajaikpad, Ahirbudhnya, Dhumaketu, Dhvaja, Vahana, Isvara, Mrtyu, Kapali and Kankana, these eleven Rudras should be known as the lords of three worlds.
634. Kratu, Daksa, Vasu, Satya, Kala, Kama, Dhvani, Kuru, Vak and Danuja, those ten shining ones are called Visve (devas).
635-36. O best among the speakers, Nasatya and Dasra should be known as Asvinas.
Bhuvana, Bhanava, Sujanya, Sujana, Tyaja, Suva, Murdha, Daksa, Vya, Bandhuka, Prasava and Vyaya are regarded as twelve Bhrgus.
637-38a. Atma, Ayus, Manas, Daksa, Mada, Prana, Havisman, Gavistha, Rta and Satya these ten highly strong gods are the sons of Angira.
638b-39. Manas, Mada, Prasna, Nara, mighty Pala, Diti, Haya, Naya, Hamsa, Narayana, Vibhu and Prabhu are pronounced as twelve Sadhyas.
640-45. These fortynine, namely, Ekajyoti, Dvijyoti, Trijyoti, Jyoti, Ekacakra, Dvicakra, highly strong Tricakra, Rtajit, Satyajit, Susena, Senajit Agnimitra Arimitra, Prabhumitra, Aparajita, Rta, Rtavan, Dharta, Nidharta, Varuna, Dhruva, Vidharana, highly strong Devadeva, Idrksa, Adrksa, Ihadrk, Amitasana, Krtina, Prasakrd, Daksa, highly glorious Samara, Dhata, Ugra, Dhanu, Bhgma, Abhiyukta Sadasaha, Dyuti, Vasuratha, Adrsya, Vama, Kamajaya, Virat ........ are called Maruts.
646-47 Visvakarma, the originator of all crafts, should also be worshipped. O Brahman, each of these, namely, the weapon, the conveyance, the umbrella, the seat, the emblem and the drum, should be worshipped separately with scents, garlands, paints, offerings of lamps, incense and the eatables.
648-49. Having performed the worship of these, one should worship specially the planet, the Naga and the month which presides over the year, and (should worship) also the planet of the future year, and the ( presiding ) day of the month.
649-50. The wise would know the planet and the month from the mouth of the astronomer. The month, the year and the day also should be known from the astronomer. These should be worshipped with plenty of food and heaps of flowers.
651. Having known the day of the Naga-year from the Phalaveda, one should worship that (day) with solid food and other articles of diet.
652. Then, fire-sacrifice with utterances of Onkara should be performed, with reference to all, in due orter, with purified butter, unhusked barley and sesame.
653. Sacrificial fee should be given to the Brahmanas with separate reference to each of those ( planets etc. ). Then Brahmanas, the friends, the relations connected by marriage and the kinsmen should be fed.
654. Special meals should be taken and a great festival should be celebrated. O best among the twice-borns, Brahmana astronomers should be worshipped.
655. The best of the Brahmanas - those who are acquainted with astronomy-astrology and those who know history - should be honoured with cash-money, heaps of grains and clothes.
656. 0 twice-born, the reciters (of the Puranas and the Epics) desiring sacrificial fee should also be worshipped. One should decorate one's own self with flowers, ornaments and perfumes.
657-59. This is called Mahasanti, the destroyer of all sins, the pacifyer of all evils, the destroyer of bad dreams of Kali, the giver of long life and prosperity, the increaser of wealth and prosperity, the destroyer of diseases and enemies, the cause of the advancement of the goverment and the country, auspicious, holy, and the giver of happiness in both the worlds.
660. 0 best among the twice-borns, all those who have been mentioned by me before you, go to the abode of Brahma in the beginning of the month Caitra.
661. 0 always sinless one, the assembly of Brahma assuming (different) forms at will, bears specially a steady form, heart-enchanting and undefinable.
662. In that assembly, the above-mentioned (gods etc.) salute, serve and praise Brahma undefinable and completdy detached (from worldly fetters).
663. Visvavasu, Salisi, the two Gandharvas Haha and Huhu and others led by Narada sing (the praises of) the preceptor of the world.
664-65. Thousands of divine damsels, specially Urvasi, Menaka, Rambha, Migrakesi, Alambusa, Vigvaci, Ghrtaci, Pancacula, Tilottama, Sanumati, Amala, Vanda and others dance near the lord of the gods.
666. Then, in that assernbly of all the gods, the god Brahma appoints the planets etc. as protectors of the Human year.
667. 0 best among the twice-borns, having worshipped the sustainer of the worlds, the gods - pleased and strengthened - go after this, to their respective places.
668. 0 best among the twice-borns, Sri should be worshipped on the 5th of the bright-half in the month of Caitra. That is called Sri-Pancami.
669-70. The fifth day deserves worship by all means and definitely so the one in the month of Caitra. O best among the twice borns, he who worships Laksmi on all the fifth days, is not separated from her throughout his 1ife and after death he obtains the world of Visnu.
671-72. Skanda should beworshipped there with fragrant garlands, scents, ornaments, clothes, cock, bell, goat, toy and nice eatable offerings.
673. This 6th of Caitra is (to be celebrated) necessarily, the rest (may be celebrated) at one's will. All the children remain healthy in his house who celebrates this.
674. On that very 9th, the purified man, observing fast, should worship Bhadrakali with plenty of flowers, incense and grains.
675. Bhadrakali who rules over the gods, should be worshipped on all the 9th days, (but) he who worships her on that (9th), obtains success in his undertakings.
676-77. 0 best among the Brahmanas, the deity presiding over house shonld be worshipped on the 11th of the bright half of the month of Caitra, with flowers, ornaments, incense, vegetables of various sorts, incenses of various types and worship of fire and the Brahmanas.
678. On the bright 12th of the month of Caitra, Vasudeva should be worshipped in the proper way after observing fast.
679. Kamadeva ( painted) on a cloth should be worshipped with various types of garlands and diverse incenses, on the 13th of the bright half of Caitra.
680. One should decorate one's own self and worship the ladies of the house. O twice-born, this (13th day) should be necessarily celebrated, the rest may be or may not be celebrated.
681-82. 0 descendant of Kasyapa, best among the Brahmanas, on the 12th, a pitcher full of cold water and decorated with flowers and leaves should be placed before Kamadeva (Cupid), and before sun-rise a husband himself should bathe his wife with water (from that pitcher).
683. 0 best among the twice-born, on the 15th of the bright-half of the month of Caitra, Nikumbha goes for fighting with the Pisacas in the sea of sand.
684. So, in every house, the worship of every one of those (Pisacas) should be performed with effort, in the noon. Know the procedure from me.
685-86. Having made the (image of the) Pisaca with clay, leaves etc., one should worship that (image) with scents, garlands, clothes, ornamerlts, the eatables, namely, sweetmeats, cakes, meat, drinks, weapons of various sorts, umbrella, shoes and stick.
687-88a. Men should offer to him, two baskets full of dried food and those eatables which may last long. Singing should be carried on and the instruments Anaddha and Tantri should be played upon.
688b-689. Having worshipped him in the middle of the day, the wise should, according to his means, again worship him, as before, at the moon-rise. Then, he - benediction for whom has been pronounced by the Brahmanas - should be sent off.
690. The musical instrument Tantri should be played upon while he is being sent. O descendant of Kasyapa, he must be followed on the next day.
691-692. And the nearby hill should be climbed. After returning to home, the festival should be celebrated by singing, and playing on musical instruments. Special meals should be taken in the company of friends.
693. A nymph named Ira, employed by Visvavasu, was formerly cursed by Sakra (and) was exiled from the assembly of the gods.
694. She attained the state of being a plant in the Himavat, the best of the mountains. After Nikumbha's exit, her body breaks up into various forms.
695-96. When the goddess Ira is adorned with Ira flowers, he wise man - well dressed, well-anointed, good-minded and well-concentrated should go to Ira-garden, accompanied by Ira wife and host of sons, and should worship the goddess his with other flowers.
697. (He) shculd offcr various sorts of eatables and nourishments along with earthen lamps. Special meals should be taken after going to Ira-garden.
698. Then, the Brahmanas, the wife, the friends and the relatives should be honoured with Ira-flowers. Ira-flowers should be stitched together with a red thread.
699. Those (stitched flowers) should be worn by one's own self and specially offered to the ladies. Vocal and instrumental music should be listened to, and dance-performances should be seen.
700. Special drink containing Ira-flowers should be taken. Ira (flowers) should be presented to the gods. The gods are pleased in that way.
by Dr. Ved Kumari
Om auspiciousness. Salutation to the auspicious Ganes'a.
Salutation to the venerable Vasudeva Om.701. With him who well-concentrated offers one thousand Ira (flowers) to Kesava, the lord of the gods is pleased and he goes to heaven. 702. Rudra, Brahma, the Moon, the Sun, Subha Karisini and Durga should be worshipped with Ira (flowers). All the gods are pleased (with the offerings of Ira flowers) Verses 701-802
703. Ira is favourite of the Nagas and specially mine.
704. I am excessively pleased with him who worships me with Iraflowers in Ira-garden.
705. On the third of the bright (half) of the month of Vaisakha, sacrifice should be performed with barley, and barley should be given to a Bhahmana.
706. One should worship Visnu with barley and also eat barley. O descendant of Kasyapa, the worship of Ganga should be performed on that day.
707. Muttering of god's name, sacrifices, oblations to the manes, penance, bath etc. all are said to be imperishable (on that day). Even a little charity beeomes perpetual.
708. Having undergone fast on the second (day), (these rites) should be performed strenuously by men on the third day, on the bank of the Sindhu.
709-710a O Brahman, the god Visnu, the lord of the world, shall be (born as) the preceptor of the world, Buddha by name, at the time when the Pusya is joined with the moon, in the month of Vaisaksha, in twenty eighth Kali Age.
710b-12. Listen from as to how his worship should be performed in the bright-half, from that period onwards, in uture. The image of Buddha should be bathed (with water renderd holy) with all medicinal herbs, all jewels and all scents, in accordance with the sayings of the Sakyas. The dwellings of the Sakyas (i.e. Viharas) should be whitewashed with care.
713. Here and there, the Caityas - the abodes of the god - should be provided with paintings. The festival, swarming with the actors and the dancers, should be celebrated.
714. The Sakyas should be honoured with Civara (the dress of a Buddhist mendicant ), food and books. All this should be done till the advent of Magha.
715. O twice-boln, eatable offerings should be made for three days. Worship with flowers, clothes etc. and charity for the poor (should continue for three days).
716. 0 best among the twice-borns, the Brahmanas should be worshipped with sesame, on tne full moon day of Vaisakha. Bath, sacrifice, and funeral rites (should be performed) with sesame.
717-18. Gift of wealth should be made and earthen lamps should be given for the temple. Sesame should be offered to the Brahmanas and sesame should also be eaten.
719. O best among the twice-borns, on 11th of the dark half of Magha, one should undergo fast and on the 12th, should do everything prescribed by me in connection with Vaisakha.
720. On the full moon day of Vaisakha, one should worship seven or five Brahmanas wilh Black or othersesame mixed with honey.
721. Whatever sin is committed throughout life is destroyed that very moment, when ( the thought ) "May Dharmaraja be pleased" comes to the mind.
722. Thereafter, barley - the king of the medicinal herbs becomes ripe. The gods and the manes should be worshipped then with barley-grains.
723. Then, one - anointed, garlanded and dressed in new clothes - should eat barley-food in proper procedure, amidst sounds of musical instruments and the Brahmanas.
724-25. O lord of the twice-borns, on the 8th after (the full moon day of) Jyestha, one should worship Vinayaka along with his ganas, with heaps of swcetmeats. sweet vocal and instrumental music and pleasing of the Brahmanas.
726. Or Vinayaka should be worshipped on all the 8th days. Worshipping him after undergoing fast, one gets success in undertakings.
727-28. O bestamong the twice-borns, when the conjunction of Svati constellation takes place in the month of Asadha then should be worshipped the god Wind, with scents, garlands, much rice cooked in milk, various types of ground parchedgrains, varied flowers and other blossoms.
729. O Brahman, in the end of the bright half of Asadha, a festival with vocal and instrumental music should be celebrated for five days, for bringing sleep to the god.
730. On the 11th and the 14th, Dhanahotra should be performed and vigil should be observed for two nights. The Brahmanas and the Satvatas should be worshipped on the 12th and the 15lh.
731-32. On the 13th, gifts for dramatic performances should be made in a proper procedure and money should be given, as far as the means may allow, to those who earn their living through stage.
733. What has he - the high minded - to do with violent sacrifices, by whom Kesava has been worshipped in the ceremonies of Causing Sleep and Awakening ?
734. When the conjunction of Vaisvadeva constellation takes place in the end of the month of Asadha, the learned scholar should worship the gods, in the manner prescribed in the case of Wind-god.
735-36. On the occasion of Daksinayana (the southern progress of the sun), one should give to the Brahmanas, ground parched-grains mixed with milk, snow, sugar, green vegetables, umbrella, shoes, garlands and water receptacles full of cold water.
737-38. O twice-born, Kasyapa - the founder of this country - should be worshipped at the appearance of Rohini constellation after (the full moon day) of Asadha, with scents, garlands, eatable offerings and worship of the Brahmanas. Rohini cows along with their calves should be worshipped on that day.
739. At the appearance of Sravani, one should take bath in the confluence of the Vitasta and the Sindhu and worship the bow-holder (Visnu) - the god of the gods.
740. After calling upon the Brahmanas to pronounce benedictory formulae, one should play to get pleasure and should take there, verily, special meals.
741. The chantings of the Samaveda should be listened to on that day, and the unmarried girls should specially play in the water.
742. At the time, when the moon is united with Sravana constellation, one who takes bath, gets prosperity in all places and times.
743-44. O twice-born, the god Madhusudana is born in the human world for removing the burden (of the earth) on the dark eighth following the (full moon day of) Sravana, in the end of the 28th Dvapara. O best among the twice-borns, it is heard by us.
745. From that period onwards, the worship of the god of gods and the goddess should, be performed on that day, in the proper manner.
746-47. O best among the twice-borns, Devaki and Yasoda should be worshipped on that day, with scents, garlands, eatables made of barley and wheat, eatables mixed with cow's milk, and fruits of various types. Having performed worship thus, a great festival should be celebrated at night.
748-49. In the morning, before the rising of the sun, women dressed in clothes dyed with safflowers, should carry all the images, amidst charming sounds of vocal and instrumental music, to thc beautiful and auspicious bank of a river or a lonely lake.
750. Eatables made of barely along with preparations of sugarcane, pepper and purified butter should be eaten on that day.
751. Then, on the dark fifteenth united with Pitr constellation, satiating liabations of water and other oblations for the manes should be offered with effort.
752-53. Subhasits, Barhisads, Agnisvattas, Kravyada, Upahutas, Ajyapas and Sukalins, all these hosts of Fathers should be worshipped with a great quantity of food, incense and flowers. O best among the twice-borns, funeral rites with sesame should be performed with effort, on that day.
754. On everyday of the bright-half of the month of Praustha, Mahendra and the goddcss Sati (Seci?) should be worshipped.
755. O best among the twice-borns, painted on the cloth, he should be worshipped in the proper manner by kings as indicated by an astrologer.
756. The cowherd should worship the Brahmanas with eatables, grains, fruits, herb-roots, jewels, clothes and incense.
757-58. Mahendra should be worshipped along with his host (of warriors), the weapons and the mount. O Brahmana, on the bright fifth of Indra's fortnight, my worship should be performed with a great quantity of scents, incense and grains, gifts of garlands and clothes, gratification of the sacred fire and the Brahmanas, gifts of various sorts for the dramatic performances, and decorations of the earth. The worship of the local Naga also should be performed on that very day.
760. In the fortnight following that (Indra Paksa), Sraddha should be performed everyday specially with Syamaka corn except on the fourteenth.
761a. The fourteenth (day of the fortnight) is prescribod for those who were killed by means of weapons.
761b-62. Kesava has stated that Sraddha may be performed for the whole of the fortnight or it may be performed in the fortnight excepting its ( first ) one- third part, or in the last one-third. On the thirteenth, however, Sraddha must be performed necessarily.
763-64. O best among the twice-borns, even he who lives on the bread supplied by others, he who has got no wealth and he who is a manual labourer, should, somehow or other, perform the funeral rites on the thirteenth. Know while I am saying. Here is the verse sung by the Fathers.
765. Will he be born in our family who may offer to us milk mixed with honey, on the thirteenth in Varsa and Magha?
766. O best among the twice-borns, the wise men should always worship the guardians of the quarters on the 4th which falls in the fortnight of the funeral rites in the month of Prausthapada.
767-69. Weapons should be worshipped at night in the temple of Durga. O descendant of Kasyapa, after taking bath in the morning and after worshipping all (the things) mentioned above, one should take one's meals and perform expiatory rites when the sun is just to set. This (ceremony) called Nirajana should be known by those who are adept in the performance of Salihotra and are thus the preservers of astronomy (described) in the Kalpa (Sutras) and the works related to the Atharvaveda. After this, should be worshipped those who-earn their living by means of stage- performances.
770-74. O twice-born, when the thousand-rayed (sun) is united with Kanya constellation then one should observe fast and worship the sage Agastya, with full pitchers, gourds, barley, rice, purified butter, beautiful Jati, Padma and Utpala (flowers), white sandlewood, cow, bull, dothes, jewels born-of the sea, umbrella, shoes, staff, slippers, a great quantity of rice cooked in milk, nice fruits and herb-roots, various sorls of food, eatables, by feeding the fire and the Brahmanas, and by giving up eating of one fruit for the complete year. Having thus worshipped Agastya, one should worship the astrologer.
775. Then, one should see the great sage Agastya as shown by him (astrologer). A man gets the desired objects after seeing the sage Agastya.
776. When the grains are ripe, one should, on a day of the bright fortnight prescribed by an astrologer, worship the gods, the manes, the water, the fire and the Brahmanas.
777-78. Having worshipped the twice-born and the astrologer, one - dressed in new clothes, well-anointed, well- adorned, garlanded, facing the east, purified, with Vedic recitations in front ................
779. Having painted in the centre Brahma and hooded Ananta, one should paint (the figures of) the guardians of the directions established in their respective directions.
780. Their worship should be performed with incense, garlands, unguents, clothes, jewels, fruits and eatables, and by gratifying the fire and the Brahmanas.
781. Rice mixed with sugar and the preparations of all (other) grains should be given to the Brahmanas, the servants and the relatives.
782-83. Rice should be eaten by the wise (persons) themselves at night and not in the day time. Absence of wealth dwells during the day in rice, at night in curd and ground parched grains and always in Bauhinia variegata (kovidara) and Feronia Elephantum (kapittha).
784. On the 5th of that (fortnight), the god (Varuna) - the lord of the waters - should be worshipped. Just as the goddess Uma is to be worshipped so (should be worshipped) Dhanada.
785. The virgins should be bathed on the 6th of that very (fortnight), and should be decorated on the seventh.
786-87. Men should decorate themselves and also the women and the children. With their bodies anointed with moist vermillion-powder, they should play for pleasure amidst dances and instrumental music, on the 8th of the same (fortnight). After taking bath, one should worship the goddess named Asokika.
788. Flowers, food, incense, bed and seat along with the upper blanket should be offered. Food mixed with sugar should be eaten.
789-90. He who desires to get prosperity, should worship Uma on that day, with incense, food, earthen lamps, garlands, curd, grains or sugar, or safflowers and salt or saffron, collylium and bangles. After going to a garden adorned with water (falls) and trees.....
791-92. O best among the the twice-borns, then a noble man temperate in food should take bath in the water of the Vitasta, for seven days on 10th etc. - three days before, three days after and on 13th, the birthday of the Vitasta.
793.94. O Brahmana, Vitasta .should be worshipped on those seven days, with scents, garlands, eatable offering, gifts of beautiful earthen lamps, various sorts of flags, red threads, bangles, various sorts of fruits and by gratifying fire and the Brahmanas.
795. Gifts for dramatic performances should be made and actors etc. should be honoured on three days following the birthday of the Vitasta.
796. On the 12th which falls within the festival of the Vitasta, a wise man should observe fast and worship the god Hari.
797. This is prescribed permanently. Others may or may not be observed. O twice-born, that 12th is regarded as the Great one and is always auspicious.
799-800a. The 12th which is united with Budha constellation is also stated to be great. Madhusudana himself told me that the recital of God's names, bath, charity funeral rites etc. performed on that (12th), become twelvefold. O twice-born, if that 12th is united with Budha and Sravana constellations, that certainly becomes highly great. Every thing performed on that day becomes imperishable.
800 b-802. One gets the merit which is stated (to be got) at Sannihati, when the sun is eclipsed if one takes bath on that day, in the confluence of two rivers, and gives in charity, at that time, a pair of shoes, umbrella, full pitcher, a pair of clothes, food etc. If one observes the rest (of the 12th days) one is honoured in Svetadvipa.
by Dr. Ved Kumari
Om auspiciousness. Salutation to the auspicious Ganes'a.
Salutation to the venerable Vasudeva Om.803. If that very 12th is united with Sravana constellation, he, if desiring, rnay have mastery over the worlds for as long as there are the fourteen Indras. 804-805. Taking out some clay, on that day, from the confluence of Vitasta and Sindhu, one should always take bath with that at the time of taking bath. By that (bath) a man gets always the merit of taking bath in the confluence. Verses 803-900
806. After that, on the 4th of Asvayuj, the worship of the gods is performed with all means and in the manner told about the ninth day.
807. There should be honoured the lucky ladies whose husbands are alive and who are devoted to their husbands, and also the sisters and others.
808. Just as in the month of Asvayuj, so in Magha and so in Jyestha, (these ladies) should be honoured. Thus, there is the triad of 4th days.
809. Uccaihsrava should be worshipped with effort, in the bright fortnight of Asvayuj when the moon is united with Svati constellation.
810. O twice-born, if that (union of the moon with Svati constellation) be on the 9th, then horses should be worshipped and the rites for their pacification and welfare should be performed daily.
811. (For fastening to the horses) a wise man should piece together paddy (dhanya), Semecarpusanacardium (bhallataka), Costtus-speciosus (kustha) Acaruscalamus (vaca) and white mustard (siddharthaka) by means of a thread of five colours.
812. Sacrifice should be performed in the fire with the mantras dealing with Vayu, Varuna, Surya, gakra, Visnu, Visvadevas and Agni.
813. The horses should he controlled by persons holding weapons in their hands. Beating them and mounting upon them should be prohibited on that day.
814-15. When the moon is united with Sakra constellation, then the best elephants - Kumuda, Eravana, Padma, Puspadanta, Vamana, Supratika, Anjana and Nila - should be worshipped. After doing salutation, the same procedure as told with rererence to the horscs, should be followed in the case of the elephants.
816-19a. Then, on the 8th, the artisans, having undergone fast, should worship Bhadrakali in proper manner, with valuable incenses, garlands, clothes, lamps, jewels, eatables, fruits, herb-roots, meat and various sorts of vegetables, and by gratifying the fire and the Brahmanas. (Bhadrakali should be worshipped) also with leaves of Bilva, sandlewood, purified butter, drinks of various types and grains and by decoration of the earth, dancing and singing and the observation of vigil at night.
819b-20a. O twice-born, the books should be worshipped in the temple of Durga and the artisans should also worship their tools.
820b-22. Having obtained auspiciously the musical instruments and armours and weapons, one - with pleased mind - should eat food mixed with curd and consecrated with sacred formulae by a Brahmana, and give that also to dependants, friends and astrologers. The women should go to a fruit-tree and worship.........
823. Having worshipped the goddess with fowers, lamps, incense, food etc. one should offer balls of food to an eagle. Gladly accepted by him, the food-ball..........
824-26. O Brahmanas, food should be offered to the fnends, the relatives, the Brahmanas, and the dependants, in spring and winter, on the 8th or the 4th, and on the 14th and the 9th of the bright fortnight and not of the other one. Just as the worship of the goddess was performed, so should the meals be taken in front (of her).
827-28. O Brahman, the wise should, in this very manner, make offerings, excluding the food-ball for the eagle, to the goddess of the house, in the beginning of the year.
That (offering) should be made at home and never under a tree.
829. When the beautiful vine-grove is ripe one should go there accompanied by one's wife, servants and friends.
830-33. Anointed, bathed, garlanded and well-dressed, one should worship the goddess gyama, in the vine-grove, with flowers, incense, grains, eatables, much half-ripe barley, purified butter and honey, and by gratifying the Brahmanas. O twice-born, the grapes should be offered, first of all, to the Brahmanas. Then, the meals consisting mostly of grapes should be taken and after that a festival full of dancing and singing should be celebrated.
834. King's bath ( to be performed) in accordance with the instructions of works on astrology, which is fruitful at all times, is prescribed on the day of Pusya constellation in every month.
835-36. O twice-born, all should worship the moon, the stars, the planets and also the gods of the constellations, with the wealth of flowers, incense and food, at the time when the moon is united with Janma-constellation. The Brahmanas and the fire should be worshipped and the festival of vocal and instrumental music should be celebrated.
837-838. O best among the twice-borns, the king should perform every year, a Laksahoma and a Kotihoma. The procedure of their performance should be known from the Kalpa (sutras) and the works related to the Atharvaveda.
839. All these acts which are to be performed always, and others which are for specific purposes, should be performed after consulting the astrologers and the priests.
840. O best among the twice-borns, the kings should take the coronation-bath, every year at the anniversary of their coronation, always in the same manner as in the beginning.
841-43. Having undergone a fast, the priest should give offerings in the sacrificial fire, with the groups of formulae, namely Pratiratha, gabda, Varsa, Ayusya and Abhaya, and with mantras sacred to Visnu, gakra, Savita, Brahma, Rudra and Varuna. The city should be made swarming with flags and banners.
844. The road should be made dustless by (sprinkling) pure waters. The citizens - bathed and well-dressed - should wear garlands.
845. The prominent courtesans, the prominent citizens, the outsiders and the chiefs of the ganas should go to the palace of the king.
846. The city and the roads should be adorned by actors and dancers. The pious king, who has already taken bath, should be again bathed with the five products of the cow (i. e. milk, curd, butter, urine and dung).
847-48. He should be bathed by thr chiefs of ganas of the Sudras, the Vaisyas, the Ksatriyas and the Brahmanas, (standing) in west, south, east and north respectively, by means of pitchers made of earth, brass, silver and gold and full of water, milk, curd and purified butter.
849. A great uproar consisting of the sounds of musical instruments, conch-shells, wishes for happy day along with (the sounds of) professional singers, should be made at the time of bath.
850. The subordinate kings should have umbrellas and chowries in their hands. The king who has already taken bath, should be again bathed with clays, in the proper order.
851. Then, the head of the kings should be purified with the clay from the peak of a mountain, the ears should be sanctified (with the clay) from an ant-hill and the neck with that from the temple of Sakra.
852-53. His heart should be purified with the clay from the door of king's palace, and the back with the clay from the temple. The right arm (should be purified) with the clay dug by means of elephant's tusk and the other one, with the earth dug with the horn of the bull. His waist (should be purified) with the earth from the door of a Vaisya and his thighs with the earth from a lake of lotuses.
854-55, The citizens - bathed and well-dressed - should hold auspicious things in their hands. Already bathed, the king should again be bathed with (water sanctified with) all auspicious herbs, all scents, all jewels, all seeds, all flowers, all fruits, Durva-grass, Gorocana paint and sprouts.
856-58a. Then, keeping ahead the priest seated on bhadrasana, the well-dressed people - the Brahmanas, the Ksatriyas, the Vaisyas, the chiefs of the gudras, the leading courtesans and the merchants - should anoint the king in proper manner, in accordance with the sayings of the astrologer, with the water of the sacred places brought there, as far as possible.
858-60. Then, the king - bathed, anointed, crowned garlanded diademed and decorated - should worship the gods, touch the auspicious objects, give the last offering (in the sacrifice) and after that, honour with heaps of wealth, the astrologer along with the priest and other Brahmanas, as far as the means may allow. He should also announce freedom from fear.
861. He should release all who are gone to the slaughter-house, like the animals (gone to the slaughter house). All, except those who are thorns for the world, should be released from bondage.
862. The Home-priest himself should make the king sit on an auspicious and beautiful Lion-throne covered with the skin of a tiger.
863-65. With auspicious objects in their hands, all the subjects should see ( him ).
Having worshipped the umbrella, the weapons, the arrays of elephants and horses, he should climb- a decorated elephant and give away heaps of wealth.
Having gone around the whole of the city, he should return to his home, honour the subordinate kings and the leading citizens with wealth and bidfarewell to them.
866. Having got up, the king should daily worship the gods, the twice-born, and the fire and see the (reflection of his own) face in purified butter.
867. (He should) listen to the announcement of the date and the constellation and act accarding to the instructions of the physician. Having gone to the court, he should see to the legal procedure impartially.
868. O best among the twice-borns, (the king) should never insult anybody and should always check internal dissension.
869. This country being difficult to approach and so free from the fear of the circle of enemies, the strongly-rooted kings are destroyed here due to internal dissension.
870. O twice-born, the gods alwaysreside in Kasmira-mandala. Devotion must be shown towards them and also towards the Nagas and the Brahmanas.
871. The Pisacas also should be worshipped with the rites including home-offerings. The people should be settled well and made to follow the (traditions of the) country.
872-73. All the people immigrating (to Kasmira) from the other directions, should be honoured. O descendant of Kasyapa, all should be penalized in accordance with their crimes. The king should neither be very hard in giving punishment nor should forgive anyone. He should carry on the administration in accordance with the instructions of the treatises on polity.
874. O Brahman, during the six months, when Nikumbha has gone out and not returned, the kings should go on pilgrimage, to the temple of the god.
875. O Brahman, listen from me, who is telling the procedure in which the festival of the pilgrimage should be celebrated, in every temple of the gods, at least once a year.
876-78. Praised is the pilgrimage on the 4th to the abode of Vinayaka, on the 6th to the abode of Kumara, on the 7th to that of the sun, on the 9th to the temple of Durga on the 5th to the temple of Sri, on the 8th or the 14th to the temple of Mahadeva, on the 8th to the temple of Sakra, on the bright 151h to that of the Moon, on the 4th to that of Dhanada and on the 5th to that of Varuna.
879-80. The fifth, the twelfth and the fifteenth are honoured for pilgrimages to the abodes of all the Nagas.
O descendant of Kasyapa, the bright fifteenth is prescribed (for visiting the abodes of) all the gods. The houses of the guests may be visited on all the dates.
881. He who intends to go on a journey should, first of all, worship the lord of Vinayakas, on an auspicious day, with heaps of sweetmeats.
882. On the 2nd day should be observed the pacification of the planets and on the 3rd should be performed the worship of the Gandharvas.
883. On the 4th, the Pisacas should be worshipped and on the 5th should be performed the worship of the local Naga.
884. On the 6th day, the Brahmanas should be honoured and on 7th, the poor and the helpless.
885. Listen to the procedure, in which the bath giving ceremony should be celebrated, after having performed thus properly, the sacrifice for seven days.
886-87. The temple of the god should be whitewashed and painted. Having thus performed the sacrifice dacorated with multitude of flowers, the image should be bathed, in accordance with the instructions of Kalpa and Sakha, amidst sounds of goodday-songs and dances of fortunate ladies.
888. Thereafter, the citizens, with dances leading their procession, should bring the holy water for bathing the image, with great pomp and show.
889. (The water should be brought) from a sacred place situated near by, placed either on the back of an elephant or in a conveyance drawn by horses or bulls or men. 890. Having got ( water ), they should bathe the image with that (water) in the proper manner. As regards the city, the same procedure as told with reference to the coronation of the king, should be followed.
891. At the arrival of the day of the pilgrimage, Kutagara decorated with clothes, garlands, scents and banners should be constructed.
892-93. Having placed there the (original) image and another of similar form, the Kutagara should be drawn by horses or bulls or strong men decorated with garlands and clothes. The king along with his army should follow.
894. If the city has no king, the president (Pradhana) should accompany (the psocession) . Others should offer worship with incense at various places.
895. Amidst murmuring sounds, high sounds and the cries of victory, the auspicious Kutagrha should be carried around the city through an even road.
896. Then, after the entrance of the image into the temple of the god, a great festival of singing and dancing should be celebrated.
897. The arrangements for dramatic performances of those who earn their living by the stage, should be made on the next day. O best among the twice-borns, money should be given to wrestlers and others in accordance with their strength and efficiency.
898. O best among the twice-borns, at the time of the dramatic performances, the human spectators should be honoured with betel-globes, flowers etc.
899. 0 best among the twice-borns, cooked rice along with flowers and fruits should be scattered for the beings, who are invisible spectators in the cave.
900. The lord of the Nagas spoke thus to that Brahmana possessed of fame. This should be done with effort, by those who desire health, (long) life, and wealth.
by Dr. Ved Kumari
Om auspiciousness. Salutation to the auspicious Ganes'a.
Salutation to the venerable Vasudeva Om.901. For those people who shall act according to the inslructions of Nila as far as their means permit, there shall be health, (long) life and much wealth. 902-3. After death, these people will certainly go to the world of the gods. Their sons and grandsons also shall share heaven, (long) life and wealth and shall be provided with long life. There is no doubt here. All the sayings of Nila are known to you also, O king! Verses 901-1000
904-6. So having heard (all this), act thus as to bring more happiness in the world and the country. Whatever instruction of Nila has been in abeyance due to the fault of time, revive all that, O king, the giver of honour, at my saying.
If the instructions of Nila are not followed, then occur here floods, excess of rain, drought, famine, deaths, untimely death of the king, and dreadful punishments from the king.
907. The snow-fall also occurs to a great extent. So the instructions of Nila must be announced to the people repeatedly.
908. Those who aet upon them shall be endowed with cattle, grains and wealth. You, too, shall be always victorious everywhere.
909. Vaisampayana said: "Even told thus by Brhadasva, the king Gonanda restarted (only a few of the) practices which had been in abeyance due to the fault of time.
910-11. Thereafter, he was overthrown by Balabhadra at Mathura. If a king of Kasmira acts upon all the instructions of Nila, he never meets with untimely death. There never occurs any terror in that country".
912. Janamejaya (spoke): What did Gonanda - the king of Kasrmira - ask after this, when he had heard from Brhadasva, the customs to be followed by him ?"
913. Vaisampayana (said): "Having heard the sayings of Brhadasva, Gonanda - the king of Kasmira - spoke to Brhadasva, the best of the sages."
914. Gonanda spoke: "Tell me the names of those Nagas who have mainly their abodes in Kasmira. I want to hear about them."
915. Brhadasva said: "(There live) Nila, the king of the Nagas, Vasuki, Upataksaka, the two Nagas Kambala and Asvatara, (the two Nagas) Karkotaka and Dhanahjaya,
916. Ailapatra, Ananta, the Nagas Nanda and Upanandaka, Kulika, Svetasankha, Palasa, Khedima, Badi.
917. Helihala, Sankhapala, the two Nagas Candana and Nandana, the two Nagas Nila and Mahanila, the two Nagas Vatika and Sandika,
918. Two Padmas, two Mahapadmas, two Kalas, two Kacchapas, two Samudras, two Samudranas, two Gajas, two Taksakas,
919. Two Nagas named Hastikarna, two Hastis, two Vamanas, Mahisas, two Varahas, two Nagas named Kupana,
920. Paniya, Anika, Kanakaksa, Kalinkaka, Arjuna, Pundarika, Dhanada, Nadakubara,
921. Kheda, Sapala, Kherisa, Lahura, Ledira, Kheda, Pharathada, Jayanta, Tvausama,
922. Two Sudanas, Suparsva, Sunasa, Pancahastaka, Pradyumna, Andhaka, Sambhu, Salva, Mulesvara, Ghasa,
923. Ugola, Sahunimadhya the two Nagas Gandhila and Picchala, Svadhada, Musakada, Pisitada, Ghatodana,
924. Narayana, Aniruddha, Vasudeva, Jalandhama, Patra, Manasa, Uttaramanasa,
925. Amanasa, Kapah, Sankarsana, Satacara, Khilecara, Rohinyakhya, Saktika,
926. Akhuphala, Phalapha, the Naga Kanasara, Susrava, Devapala, the Naga-chief Balahaka.
927. two Nagas Candra and Surya, (two Nagas) Suci and Sukla, Viduratha, Phelada, Sukumara, Khidiva, Vijaya, Jaya,
928. Uduca, Krophana, Vayu, Sukra, Vaisravana, Apama, Mandukanasa, Gandhara, the Naga Surparki, Dhvani,
929. Samana, Lolabha, Bhadra, Bindu, Bindusara, Nada, Tittiri, Prastabhadra, the Naga Grahapati,
930. Aparajita, Pandita, Kopati, Durjaya, Astaka, the Naga Himasara, the Naga Phalasara, Para,
931. The Naga Agrasara, the Naga Nilasara, Viha, Asulaksa, Aksipala, Prahlada, Yamaka,
932. Anista, Sumukha, Veda, Khadgapuccha, Vibhlsana, Mauhurtika, Priyasvami, Kumara, another Candanopama,
933. Kapala, Caranasanda, the Naga Puranaka, Kadamba, Apada, Vali, Vibhuti, Kalakunjara,
934. Dava, Cakradhara, Svabhra, Bhava, Deharaka, Guda, Andha, Pangu, Kusthi, Kana, Badhira, Vanthaka,
935. Anagapada, Kitava, Sukara, Prasava, Utkara, Sadhiya, Satapada, Yoga, Satamukha, Druha,
936. Atinidra, Atibahubhuk, Bindunada, Sirojada, Kamaraksa, Visalaksa, Suvartaksa, Bhayanaka,
937. Bhuvira, Dharmalavanya, Daityaraja, Sadangula, Gandharva, Dhrtarastra, Kusuma, Kuhara, Kuha,
938. Mahaksa, Vadhusa, Kadusa, Deva, Danava, Naksatra, Masaka, Pita, Gautama, Susubha, Jiha,
939. Svarga, Sikharavasi, Srivasa, Sridhara, Khaga, Langali, Balabhadra, Svarupa, Pancahastaka.
940. Kamarupa, Darikarna, Saptasirsa, Balahara, Sunetra, Bahunetra, Hanuman, Angada, Hara,
941. Habaka, Pathara, Patha, Mala, Vimalaka, Mata, the Naga Satamukha, Citrasva, Dadhivabana,
942. Susima, Kaliya, Kala, Patana, Khadira, Atri, Savala, Varnaka, Lalana.
943. Heliyara, Hemiyara, Valira, Keluka, Nimi, Catara Lelihana, Pancasya, Pingalodara,
944. Krta, Treta, Dvapara, Sama, Samvatsara, Khalvata, Bahuroma, Kapoti, Puspasahvayi,
945, Rastresvara, Siniri, Satananda, Atikopana, Ananda Jayananda, Trisirsa, Jatila,
946. Gandha, Soma, Gargya, Initi, Saniti, Airavata, Kauravya, Masada, Kumudaprabha,
947. Havotsava, Satha, Sanya, Sgatrughna, Rama, Laksmana, Mahadeva, Kamapala, Gosira, Yudhisthira,
948. Danga, Bhuya, Visakha, Soma, Reva, Mahodara, Makara, Makaraksa, Nadbala, Balavan, Sikhi,
949. Candapatanaka, Kaka, Kebuka, Brahmanaprlya, Karavira, Jarasandha, Nisacara, Divacara,
950. Patanjali, Vatsa, Mathara, Vithara, Vida, Hocara, Karavala, Tapanogha, Siras,
951. Karkara, Karavata, Varaghosa, Sumangala, Gullaka, Sambhara, Sami, Paya, Mahanihasaja,
952. Karahala, Kusuratra, Dhaumya, Galava, Ukhola, Sikhola, Vahnirupa, Hiranyaya,
953. Satyakula, Kulusa, Krpana, Kutaka, Hari, Kimuda, Salabha, Kimsuka, Priyasaraka,
954. Marakula, Abhrasikhara, Vasistha, Savanamukha, two Nagas Raja and Maharaja, Subhadra, Bhadravalisa,
955. two Nagas Vira and Brahmaana, two Nagas Sarasa and Pukkaka, Dakkaka, Cakka, Gosa, Vamsanaga,
956. Vidyadhara, Yaksa, Virasa, Sasyavardhana, Bhadrasva, Gajanetra, Kanara, Kumuda,
957. Anaka, Kanava, Camba, Sanda, Marka, Giripriya, Ugrayudha, Abhimanyu, Amara, Amrtasana,
958. Ajakarna, Gonasa, Sagala valakanana, Brahmana, Ksatriya, Vaisya, Sudra, Dipta, Vihangama,
959. Sankhaksa, Kamalaksa, Maninaga, Bahecaka, Jayanta, Kopana, Visva, Sakhamukha, Suvarcala,
960. Guha, Sumali, Mali, Malyavan, Anrta, Para, Ksattra, Mabyanaka, Bhisma, Kasmira, Madhu, Valisa,
961. Bhimaksa, Bhimanada, two Nagas Halusa and Kalusa, Mahendra, Indra, Sudhama, Saliya, Maliya,
962. Sahasradhara, Dyutiman, Vibhuti, Kavad Asvara, Savala, Bahurupa, Bhadrasva, Uttariyasa,
963. Manikantha, Kalola, Suravala, Nupura, Kusakunda, Atulyasa, Ata, Svabhra, Vitarana,
964. Aravinda, Kalhara, Binduman, Dramita, Vata two Sagaras, two Gangas, Vaitasta, two Yamunas,
965. Citra, Upacitra, Surabhi, Bhutalacari, Ambaracari Upacitra, Kankata, two Nagas Narada and Parvata,
966. Visvavasu, Parijata, Gallulullo, Jalalusa, Maksikasvami, Bhurjila, Cikura,
967. Akadra, Bahukesa, Kesapingala, Dhusara, Lambakarna, Gandala, Naga Srimadhaka,
968. Avartaksa, Candrasara, Karhasura, Lambaka, Caturveda, three Puskaras,
969. Aksotanaga, Tanka, Syena, Vattila, Kacara, Ksirakumbha, Nikumbha, Vikumbha, Samarapriya,
970. Elighana, Vighana, Canda, Bhogi, Jvaranvita, Bhoga, Bhargavata, Raudra, Rudra, Bhojaka, Dehila,
971. Rohina, Bharadvaja, Dadhinakra, Pratardana, two Nagas Januva and Reva, Satru, Mitra, Kardama,
972. Panka, Kindama, Ramhha, Bahubhoga, Bahudara, Matsya, Bhita, Bahutsaha, Karadi, Vinatapriya,
973. Tamrakara, Rajata, Vanamah, Bhavaka, the Naga Jyotisyaka, Vedya, Dhaurasara, Janardana,
974. Nyagrodha, Dambara, Asvattha, Balipuspa, Balipriya, Angaraka, Sanaiscari, the Naga Kunjaraka, Budha,
975. Kali, Grtsa, Kutilaka, two Nagas Rahu and Brhaspati, Cauraka, Taskara, Kelu, and two Nagas Suta and Paurogava,
976. Ajakarna, Asvakarna, Vidyunmali, Darimukha, Orana, Rocana, Hasi, Nartana, Gayana,
977. Kambhata, Subhata, Bahuputra, Nisacara, Mayura, Kokila, Trata, Malaya, Yavanapriya,
978. Kotapala, Mahipala, Gopala, Patalasuci, Rajadhiraja, Vinata, Svarga, Vimalaka, Mani,
979. Cakrahasta, Gadahasta, Suli, Pasi, Saga, the Naga Citrakara, Vatsa, Bakapati,
980. Sitarta, Yavamali, Ravana, Raksasakrti, Yajva, Data, Hota Bhokta and Bhogapati.
981-82. O king, these prominent Naga-chiefs have been mentioned by me. As regards their family comprising of sons and grandsons, that cannot be narrated by me even in hundreds of years and so also (cannot be narrated) the holy abodes of all the Nagas.
983. All the Nagas are boon-givers, all are obedient to Nila and all are great favourites of the high-minded Vasuki.
984-85. Now, I will relate to you (the names of) the guardians of directions, in Kasmira. Know them, O chief of the kings. The Naga Bindusara is regarded to be in the eastern direction, the Naga named Srimadhaka in the southern one, and in the northern direction is stated to be the Naga Uttaramanasa ................
986-87. Thus, devoid of grief, thousands, millions and hundred millions of the Nagas dwell here, leaving aside the fear of Tarksya. Amongst the Nagas who have been mentioned by me, one (Naga) Sadangula was banished by Nila - possessed of unlimited lustre.
988-89. The place of Sadangula which was given away to third Mahapadma - the wise one - was turned into a lake, one Yojana long and one Yojana wide, a second ocean as it were.
990. (It was the place) which was taken over formerly by Mahapadma in a disguised way, in accordance with the instruction of Nila, from the king Visvagasava."
991-92. Gonanda spoke: "Why was Sadangula exiled from this (place) ? How did the territory of Visvagaiva turn into a lake? O pious one, explain all this, as you are talented."
993. Brhadsa'va (said): Having come to know that the Naga Mahapadma had made his abode in the country of Sati, the son of Vinata used to oppress him, formerly.
994. The bird (i. e. Garuda) used to attack and eat up hundreds and thousands of his sons, dependants and dependants of his dependants.
995. When his people were being thus devoured, the Naga Mahapadma came quickly to the refuge of the great Naga Nila.
996. He asked, O king, for a habitation in Kasmira. Then Nila spoke thus to the Naga Mahapadma.
997. "O best among the Bhujagas, all the Nagas have made their abodes here. There is no place (left) where you may dwell, O best among the Naga-chiefs.
998. O Naga, the lord of undying ones, I do not see even a little space which has not been thus fully occupied by the Nagas.
999. Moreover, you are surrounded by a big family But at this time, the beautiful territory of Sadangula is vacant.
1000. The Naga Sadangula has been banished by me from that place, because he, formerly, used to carry away the wives of men, daily.
by Dr. Ved Kumari
Om auspiciousness. Salutation to the auspicious Ganes'a.
Salutation to the venerable Vasudeva Om.1001. O best among the Nagas, having banished him from here, I allotted to him a place on Usiraka - the best of the mountains - in Darva. 1002. Through a device I appointed him there as a guardian of the territory and won over the people of Kas'mira through affection. Verses 1001-1100
1003. Sadangula - the lord of the Nagas - has been settled by me on an even road. Honoured by the people, he lives there happily.
1004-5. At my request, Hari himself has given him protection there. Here I allot to you, as your habitation, the beautiful city named Candrapura, of the king Visvagasva, in the beautitul territory which belonged to Sadangula. Turn that into a lake.
1006. Disguised as a mad man, once, Durvasa - the best of the sages - did not get proper reception at the beautiful habitation of Sadangula.
1007. Filled with rage, he pronounced the curse: "It shall turn into a lake." O Naga, this saying of the sage is not known to anyone.
1008. I alone know it due to the favour of that sage. Hence, O Naga, make your abode there. Do not delay.
1009. But (you should ) importune the king Visvagasva - the protector of the earth. You should make request to that king, in disguise.
1010. If due to greed, he would not give when rcquested to give, in disguise, he as a king, would be disgraced for not doing that which be must do."
1011. Brhadahra (spoke): Addressed thus by Nila, the Naga Mahapadma assumed the form of an old Brahmana and went to the city (named) Cantrapura.
1012. He looked at the compassionate king Visvagasva. Then, having seen him, he made request (to him) as Visnu had made to Bali.
1013. Brahmana (said): '~O compassionate king, give me that much dwelling place at Candrapura, which may be sufficient for my big family."
1014. Visvagasva (replied): "O chief of the Brahmanas, I give you a beautiful place in Candrapura. O twice-born, occupy that much (space) which may be enough for you along with your family."
1015. Brhadasva (said): Having accepted the water of gift and having pronounced the benedictory formula, he - in the form of a Naga - spoke to the king in the midst of ministers.
1016. "Go away from this city, along with your collecton of money and other things, accompanied by your cavalry, elephants and chariots and surrounded by your own men.
1017. O Lord of men, the city is sufficient for me along with my family. It will turn into an extensive lake, very soon."
1018-19. Then, that pious king went away along with his citizens, horses, elephants and host of ministers, and constructed another beautiful town at a distance of two Yojanas to the west of his own city. That is famaos on the earth under the name Visvagasvapura.
1020. Worshipping the Brahmanas, the king lived there happily. The Naga Mahapadma flooded the city.
1021-24. The best of the Nagas lives there happily, along with his family.
And that Mahapadma lake, one Yojana long and one Yojana wide, is hvly, beautiful and pleasing to the hearts of the good.
Due to the influence of Mahapadma, (that lake is) devoid of wicked crocodiles. The Naga, surrounded by his family, lives there happily.
This birth (story) of the lalce Mahapadma has been related by me. What else, O king, should I relate to you? Tell that."
1025. Gonanda (spoke): "O Venerable one, I want to hear about the holy places in the countries of Kasmira. Tell the glorification of seeing them."
1026. Brhadasva (said): (There is) Vinayaka, the son of Ganga descended from Vardhanadruma. Having seen him, a man obtains success which brings all sorts of welfare.
1027. By seeing Kamyavara of similar type, at a distance of one Krosa to its south-west, one obtains success in one's undertakings.
1028-30. By seeing with concentrated mind, each and every Ganesa of all these, namely, Bhurjasvami, Hidimbesa, Lovara, Srivinayaka, Utankesa, Guhavasi, Bhimesa, Saumukha Bhadresvara, Mahasya, Mahasana, Gavesana, Paulastya, Girivasi, Jayesvara and Mahesvara, one obtains accomplishment one's doings and enjoys holy merit.
1031. O Lord of men, after taking bath in Patrakunda one obtains the world of Kumara by seeing Skanda, erected by Pulastya near (the lake of) Saci.
1032-33. By the sight of each and every Kumara namely, Malivana, Gautarnesa, Visvamitresa. Saunasika, Vasisthesa, Makharesa, Suresvara, Skandesvara, Visakhesa and another erected by Pulastya, one obtains the merit which accrues from the gift of cow.
1034-35. Having seen (the images of) Sakra - the performer of hundred sacrifices - erected by Pulastya, Bharadvaja, Kasyapa, Kanva, Agastya and Vasistha, one obtains heaven and the merit of giving thousand cows in charity. A sight of the image of Agni erected by Angira gives heaven.
1036. By seeing Yama - the lord of the Pretas - , after having taken bath in Taijasa, one gets heaven as well as the merit accruing from the gift of a cow and sesame.
1037. By seeing the son of the Sun god, after having taken bath in Puskara Tirtha, one is freed from all the sins and is honoured in heaven.
1038. The sight afeveryone of these viz., Yama, Sutankesa and the lord of the Pretas erected by Vasistha, releases one from all the sins.
1039-42. These highly strong ones should be specially seen in a night full of stars. By the sight of that worshipped god known as Virupaksa, one does not get, at all times, the fear born of the Raksasas. O king, after seeing the (images of the) god erected by Varuna and Bali, one is freed from all the sins and enjoys in the world of Varuna. After a bath in the lake of Mahapadma and on the northern bank of Manasa lake, a mere sight of the temple erected by Pulastya, gives one the merit of the gift of cows and also releases (one) from the diseases.
1043-44. One becomes rich by the sight of everyone of these, namely, the god Dhanesvara near Vitastaksa, ( the image of the god) erected by Agastya near Kapatesvara, Setara, Gotamasvami, Saurnukha and one erected by Surabhi.
1045. After seeing (the image of) Sasanka erected by king Sucandra, a man obtains the world of the Moon. There is no doubt about this.
1046. By seeing Manibhadra, one becomes possessed of wealth.
1047. One obtains happiness and becomes beautiful after seeing Kamdeva erected by Agastya on the mountain.
1048. The (image of the) goddess erected by Pulastya is known as Bheda on the earth.
1049. By seeing the goddess erected by Pulastya and accompanied by Kesava, one is freed from all the sins and gets highest knowledge.
1050. One is honoured in the world of Visnu, by seeing Visoka in Kasmira, accompanied by Kesava and erected by Him.
1051-53. By a sight of the goddess Bhima, one gets the best wealth and by seeing the goddess Kapinjali, the goddess Suresvari. (the goddesses) Bhadresvari, Gautamesi, the goddess Kalasila, (the goddess) named Udyogasri, (the goddesses) Gavaksi, Candika, Durga, Gauri, Suvijaya, Sakuni Brahmacarini and Cakresvari, one gets one's desire fulfilled.
1054. After seeing near Cakrasvami, the goddess sitting in the lap of Hara, one is freed from all the sins and is honoured in the world of Rudra.
1055-56. By seeing that (image of) Divakara called Kartaviryrarjunasvami, (that of) Martanda called Kasyapasvami, (that of) Ravi erected by Visvagasva and everyone of these, namely, (the images called) Sucandresa, Sucakresa, and Surabhisvami, one obtains the merit of the gift of horses.
1057-1064. O king, one obtains heaven for one's ancestors, by seeing the boon-giver Brahma in the form of a hill, a form which he himself has assumed, and also (his images called) Visnusvami, Harasvami and Kasyapasvami.
O great king, one is released from all the sins by seeing everyone of these viz., Sudarsana Hara near Cakrasvami, Svayambhu, (Hara's image) erected by the: Fire-god, (Hara's images called) Pidgalesvara, the god Bindunadesvara, the god Bhadresvara, Candresvara along with Jyesthesa, Valakhilyesvara Hari, Kesavesa, Samesa, Dhaumyesa, Varunesvara, Cakresvara along with Candresa, Kasyapesa, Vilohita, Kamda along with Vasisthesa, Bhutesa along with Ganesvara, Suryesvara, Bhasmesa and Vimalesvara; (so also) the boon-giver god (called) Himacalesa, Sankhesa, Vaivattilesvara, Mahanadisvara, Sambhu, Kasyapesvara, Rajesvara, Nrsimhesa, Bhavesa and Dhanadesvara. O king, the god Hara - the lord of the Bhutas - is always present (in all these images.).
1065-66. By merely seeing Nandi there, one is freed from all sins. Nandisvara is always pleased and so also is Bhutesvara. O tiger among kings, (their) presence is due to their desire for doing good to the worlds. Nandi is always present there due to devotion for Hara.
1067. By seeing Kapatesvara who appears in the midst of waters, one obtains thousand cows and by worshipping (him) one gets desired refuge.
1068. Gonanda said: "O best of the speakers, how did Nandi propitiate the god, by which he - present in Bhutesvara - is always near him?"
1069. Brhadasva (replied): "O king, the protector of the earth, listen to the account as it happened with reference to Nandi, the account which is divine, heart-enchanting and remover of all sins.
1070-72a. In former times, there was a Brahmana named Silada who had no son. O king, he went to Nandi mountain and in order to get a son (he) propitiated the Great God, by eating the powder of rocks for one hundred years. Due to compassion, the God of the gods, gave to him as a son, his own Ganesa Nandi possessed of great strength.
1072b-73. While being given as a son, Nandi spoke to Sankara thus: "O lord, due to (your) favour, I shall bocome the son of this Brahmana, but O god, let me be his son, not born from the womb.
1074-76. Moreover, separated from you, I would not stay for long in the human (world). Smiling with compassion, the god Hara said to him: "O best of the ganas, you have been cursed by Bhrgu not honoured (by you) in the marriage of Uma. So (you) shall surely be born in the human form. With that very body, you shall come near me.
O best of the ganas, thenceforward you shall live in the human world.
1077-78. At your will, you shall live near me, as may give you happiness. You shall live in the human world, compelled by the curse of Bhrgu, but O lord of the ganas, there too I shall live according to your desire."
1079. O king, thus Nandi always lives at Bhutes'vara and so also the god Hara (lives) willingly, due to favour upon him.
1080. Gonanda (said): "How did Nandi - born ( in the human world) - become a son of Silada. How did he attain ganapatihood with his body."
1081. Brhadasva (said): Then, while grinding a rock, Silada found in the midst of the rock, the son Nandi not born from the womb and possessed of the lustre of the moon.
1082. Having got that son, the Brahmana Silada became pleased and thereafter performed all the ceremonies with reference to the son.
1083. When the ceremonies of the son were being performed, the twice-born (Silada) heard from the Brahmana that the son was to be short-lived.
1084-1085. Having heard (thisl, the pious Silada - full of affection for the son - started weeping. Nandi - the knower of Dharma - consoled him who was weeping, thus: "Father, do not weep today. For your favourite desire, I shall obtain long life by propitiating the god Sankara.
1086-87. Saying so to his father and after getting his permission, Nandi himself - determined to perform penance - went to the auspicious peak of the Himalaya, known as Haramukuta.
1088. In the eastern half of that peak, there is a laks of clear water called Kalodaka, the destroyer of all sins.
1089. Placing a big rock on his head and unweariedly engaged in muttering the name of Rudra in that water, Nandi propitiated Hara.
1090. One hundred years passed away while he was muttering the name af Rudra, in the water. After the completion of a hundred years the goddess spoke (thus) to the god:
1091. "O venerable one, my son Nandi is performing austerities at Kaloda. Endow him, quickly, with a boon. Be not late, O lord!"
1092.93a. O lord of men, thus was the god addressed by the goddess at Varanasi. Then mounted on the bull and (going) by land-route, the god, along with the goddess, was not seen by anyone in that area.
1093b-1094. After crossing Prayaga and the great city of Ayodhya, (he crossed) the holy Naimisa forest and beyond that Gangadvara. From Sthanesvala (he went) to Kuruksetra and holy Visnupada.
1095-96. Having crossed all these, viz. the Satadru, the Vipasa and the Iravati, possessed of holy water, the Devika, the Candrabhaga, the auspicious Visnupada the Visoka, Vijayesa and the confluence of the Vitasta and the Sindhu, he went to the mountain Bharata.
1097-98. Having reached the foot of that (mountain), he said to the goddess: "O divine lady, stay here along with the bull, while I shall go further. Whosoever climbs up this mountain by this way, obtains high merit.
1099. You being tender, are not able to climb up (the mountain) by this way, so I shall go alone quickly, today,
1100. From that place, the best of the gods began to climb up the way, and there came into existence a temple of the god called Istapathesvara.
by Dr. Ved Kumari
Om auspiciousness. Salutation to the auspicious Ganes'a.
Salutation to the venerable Vasudeva Om.1101-2. As the god Mahesvara climbed the mountain by that way, the excessively clever mountain became higher and higher. Mahesvara was tired and being angry to know that the hill was increasing in height, he assumed a terrible form and gave him with his foot, a stroke on the head. 1103-5. Since then, that mountain is called Mundaprstha. By touching Mundaprstha with whole of the body, a man is freed from the sin of saying something unauspicious. Kicked by the god, the mountain assumed a human form and with both hands joined together, he said to the lord of the gods of gods. "I am miserable." Then pleased and full of compassion the lord of the gods said to the mountain: Verses 1101-1198
1106. "O mountain, your water which has corne out by the stroke of my foot, shall be known as Krpanitirtha on the earth."
1107. After naming the mountain as Mundaprstha he assumed a beautiful form. That place inhabited by the nymphs is Apasarastirtha.
1108. Then, having seen the heart-fascinating sacred place known as Brahmasara, (he) assumed the form of a swan and broke forth the mountain in no time.
1109. The opening in the mountain, which was made by the high-minded (god in the form of a swan, is known as Hamsadvara - the destroyer of all sins.
1110-11. Then, having seen the sacred places Vatika and Sandika, the great god reached Kapila Tirtha and saw the highly fortunate Brahmana surrounded by the gods and performing sacrifice in the company of sages.
1112. Seeing the god Mahesvara in the form of a swan Brahma kneeled down on the earth and saluted the high god.
1113. O lord of the earth, listen to what Sakra spoke, saluting Brahma - the lord of the world - when he saw him prostrated.
1114. Sakra said "Salutation to you, O lord of the gods of the gods, the cause of the cause of the world, the lord of the three worlds, the omniscient, the lord of all!
1115. I do not see in this world, any cause other than your-self. By you are pervaded all the three worlds including movable and immovable objects.
1116-17. O lord, you are the progenitor, protector and destroyer of all this. The three worlds are born, when you open your eyes and when, O lord of the worlds, you go to sleep, all these three worlds are destroyed.
1118. Supported by you, this earth supports all this movable and immovable (creation). Upheld by you, the waters hold this whole world.
1119. O lord, it is due to your lustre that the fire bears this whole world and it is due to your energy that the wind sustains this whole world.
1120. O lord, it is due to your strength that the ether - the birth place of sound - bears the whole world. O highly gifted one, you are said to be the Supreme Spirit.
1121. You are glorified as intellect and the as soul of all this (creation). You are Indefinable Purusa and also (the constituent elements called) raja, sattva and tama.
1122-24. You are the senses and the objects of the senses. You are called the gross physical elements (Bhuta) and the subtle physical essences (Tanmatra). You are the knower (Jnata) ard the thing to be known (Jneya), the body (Ksetra) and the soul (Ksetrajna ) and the highest lord. You are the meditator, the object of meditation, the meditation itself and various types of sacrifices. You alone are all this, O lord! What else is there than your ownself? O highly gifted ons as you are prostrated, a great doubt has arisen in me."
1125-26. Brhadasva (said): Addressed thus by Sakra, Brahma spoke these words: "This is my second form Sarvi the most purifying one and possessed of high penance - before which I am prostrated. Please it by making salutations along with all tbe gods."
1127-28. Addressed so, tben, Indra - surrounded by all tbe hosts of the gods - praised, with the favour of Brahma, Hara, tbe destroyer of Tripura, the lord of the gods of the gods and Sankara in the true sense of the word.
1129-32. Sakra said: "Salutation to you, O lord of the gods, encompassing the three worlds with magical power! The sacrificer, the earth, the sky, the water, the fire, the moon, the sun and the wind are stated to be your bodies which pervade the three worlds. O preceptor of the world, after assuming the Brahmi form which is rajasi, yau create the worlds (but) you are not created, O soul of the beings! O Mahesvara, you - standing (apart) like a witness - sustain the three worlds and O god, after assuming Kala form which is tamasi, you destroy the world.
1133. Dharma - assuming the form of a bull - serves as (your) mount. You are always celibate though left half of your body is female.
1134. The mass of your matted hair is marked with the lunar crescent and stirred by the waves of Ganga. O Mahesvara, salutation to you !
1135. Salutation to you, O enemy of Tripura and destroyer of Andhaka! Salutation to you who became immersed in the blood of the demon Amsa rent asunder with the front pan of the spear!
1136. (Salutation to you) O Parvati's lover, wearing a garland of skulls, possessing powerful weapons, terrifying one and holding dreadful arms.
1137-38. (Salutation to you) O Urdhvalinga, Sighra, Kratha, Krathana, auspicious, excellent, bountiful, the Great Swan, possessed of a terrifying eye, Bhusunda, wearing a serpent as the sacred thread.
1139. Forgive me, O chief of the gods and lord of the world, as it was due to being overwhelmed at first by your magical power that I did not worship you.
1140. O Sambhu, you are pleased indeed, as you have been recognised by me. O lord of the gods, you are possessed of good favour. O Mahegvara, I am prostrated before you.
1141-42. Brhadasva (said) : "Praised thus by Indra, Brahma, sages and gods, gankara gave up the form of a swan and having assumed his own form, went to the sacrifice of Brahma and appeared before the gods. Thereafter, the God brought the goddess and also the bull.
1143. At the completion of the sacrifice of Brahma, lord of the gods of the gods went to Kalodaka lake along with the hosts of the gods.
1144. There, he saw Nandi, weakened due to hunger and cold and followed by death, as if by a relative.
1145. Seeing Nandi - the best amongst the reciters of the god's name - Mahadeva exclaimed, "O child, rise up, rise up. Ask for a boon as pleases you!"
1146. Having seen the god Hara standing along with the goddess Parvati and accompanied by all the host of the gods, . (Nandi) relinquished the fear of death.
1147. Leaving the rock aside, he stood up excitedly from the midst of waters and worshipped the lord of the gods with (laudatory) speeches and (offerings of) water.
1148-49. Worshipped by him, Sankara said smilingly: "Dear child, I am satisfied with your recital (of the name) of Rudra and your penance, You shall dwell near me, as pleases you, with this very body. There is no fear to you from death.
1150. Remember your previous birth when you were my door-keeper. After that, Silada - the chief of the twice-borns - obtained you through penance.
1151-52. O son, by you as a son, Silada has been carried across (the world). Having obtained predominance among the ganas, you shall live in my company in a place at a distance of one yojana from here towards the east. O best of the ganas, I, in the form of Hara Bhutesvara, shall dwell in your company.
1153. O Nandi, the gifted sage Vasistha on the earth shall erect your image and also mine at that holy place.
1154-59. We shall always be present there, O twice-born ! My linga called Jyesthesa, originated formerly, is there. O twice-born, you should know my continuous presence at that place also. O best among the twice-borns, devoted to me, thousands and crores of sages used to bathe that linga (called) Jyesthesa with the holy and celestial water (brought) from Uttaramanasa. O Parsada, due to the influence of their penance and devotion towards me, you yourself shall reach Uttaramanasa - the abode of Sodara Naga - and live continuously at that place to the south of which flows the great river Hiranyini, possessed of holy water and known as Kanakavahini. The Bhutas dwell at JyesShesa. O twice-born, live (there) at your will.
1160-62. Then, approach me with another body, O son!" Having spoken thus to Nandi who lay prostrated, the lord of the gods - destroyer of the enemies of the enemies of the gods - sent away death after consoling him. Taking Nandi along with him, He saw Uttaramanasa and happily climbed up the peak called Haramukuta, famous in the three worlds, in the vicinity of that very lake.
1163-64. Mahesvara, the god of the gods is always present there. The high-famed Vasistha also, along with all the hosts of the gods, erected (the image of) Hara - the lord of the Bhutas. To the west of that, he erected the image of Nandi.
1165. O controller of the enemies, having done this, the gods went whence they had come and so also the sages whose wealth is penance. The sacred waters also flowed.
1166. Thus, due to the curse of Bhrgu and due to the favour of Hara, Nandi is always present there and for his pleasure (is present) Mahesvara too.
1167. The image of Nandisvara cannot be seen by the evil-doers. By seeing Bhutesvara, one is freed from all the sins.
1168. By seeing Hara Bhutesvara, Jyesthesvara and Nandi after taking bath in the holy Sodara, one may obtain prominence amongst the ganas."
1169. Gonanda (said): "There is the holy abode of Suli - the god of the gods - which goes by the name Kapatesvara. Tell me the origin of that.
1170. I am put in great doubt due to the name Kapatesvara, O Brahman, why is the venerable Sambhu called Kapatesvara ?"
1171-73. Brhadasva (replied): "O king, on the sacred bank of Drsadvati in Kuruksetra, there stood in great penance, crores of sages to have a sight of Rudra - the lord of the gods. Due to their devotion the venerable highest lord told them in dream: "O quick-going ones, go soon to Kasmira where there is a spacious and immaculate abode of the Naga. There, I shall be visible in disguise."
1174 Having heard this in dream, they told one another (about it) early in the morning and desirous of seeing god Sambhu, all of them went together to Kasmira.
1175. Having reached that abode of the Naga, they could not see even a little water, for the water was all over covered with pieces of wood.
1176. Moving the wooden logs with their hands, the best sages obtained Rudrahood with their bodies by merely taking bath (therein).
1177-78. There was one Vasistha Brahmana named Gauraparasara who did not take bath and did not, even out of curiosity, touch the wooden log. Staying there, he made his body decay through fasting. Hara spoke to him in dream: "Why are you suffering, O twice-born ?"
1179-81 "Obtain Rudrahood quickly by taking bath and touching the wooden logs !" The twice-born stood in submission and with folded hands, spoke to Rudra: "That you can be visible after the attainment of Rudrahood is a fact, O father of the world ! But my mind is not satisfied without the sight of the lord of the gods. You had said that you would be visible in disguise in the abode (of the Naga).
1182-84. Without getting that (sight), O Sankara, I would neither go nor eat (anything)." Smiling a bit, Sankara said to him again: "I have already provided to them, my manifestation in the form of wooden log. Merely by seeing me, they attained Rudrahood, O twice-born ! Now, due to your penance which is greater, I give you the desired boon. Ask for what you desire and obtain Rudrahood."
1185-86. Gaurapsrasara (spoke): "O god, destroyer of tbe body of Kama, O Mahesvara, if you are to give me a boon, then manifest yourself in the fonn of a wooden log, to all the human beings, as you did to the sages. O lord of the world, the world is suffering perpetually due to sin."
1187. Mahesvara said: "O best among the twice-borns, all those people who will see (the god) standing in the form of wood, (will see the god) not always but only occasionally.
1188. With a desire to do favour to thern, my gana - this Nandi in the form of wooden log - shall always be visible to the human beings.
1189-90. And having scen (him) they would attain Rudrahood with their bodies. As I shall appear in disguise before men, so I shall obtain the name, Kapalesvara. O best among the Brahmanas, there is plenty of water in this country.
1191. My manifestation will be in the previous form." Thus has been related to you, the origin of Kapatesvara.
1192. Gonanda (spoke): "O venerable one ! I have a desire to hear about Visnu's abodes in Kasmira, and also the merit of those (places) where Hari is present."
1193. Brhadasva ( said ) : "O king, the god is always present (in the form of) discus-wielder Hari. Having seen him who has lolus-like eyes, one obtains the merit of (giving) ten cows.
1194. God Janardana is always present (in the form of) Narasimha. Seeing him - the lord of the gods of the gods - one obtains the merit of (performing) Horse-sacrifice.
1195. 0 King, the god Bahusara is always present in the holy and auspicious Devasara.
1196-97. 0 best among the kings, (the god lives) in the images erected by Vasistha, Kadru; Vinata., and Gautama. By seeing thece images of Kesava, one obtains the merit (of the performance) of Agnistoma.
1198. By the sight of another Nrsimha on the holy northern bank of Mahapadma lake, one obtains the merit of (performing) Agnistoma.
No comments:
Post a Comment