Monday, February 26, 2018

Kashmir Diaries: Divine Ways of Healing

Diaries, Featured, Photo Essays
November 18, 2011 00:22
Can faith heal deadly diseases and resolve problems of serious nature? Some say if faith is strong, nothing is impossible, it can move the mountains, let alone resolution of problems…
izband kashmir
Burning Izband (Harmal/Wild Rue Seeds) inside Kangri. Photo - SearchKashmir.org
Fresh smell of Izband (Harmal/Wild Rue Seedsadorn the mureeds (devotees) in a light-filled hall at a Sufi shrineThe harmonious blend of Quranic recitations and laying on and off of hands, claimed to implore divine intervention in initiating literal physical and mental healing, creates scintillating and soothing aura in these divine sanctuaries.
In one of the most renowned shrines of Srinagar, a boy in his early 20’s is lying on the main entrance of the Saint’s grave. His arms are open and eyes closed, just like a frail dead body. A number of houseflies are lying on his face to one’s utter surprise but still he won’t react.
It was perfectly clear to me what I ought to do. I stepped in and stood a few steps away from the boy. As I approached him to talk and get my queries answered, a person nearby suggested to wait and not disturb his rhythm. Instead of waiting and interrupting this brief silence, I left the spot with unanswered questions…
I moved around and finally perched on the stairs of the shrine. Here I saw many traditional Tilla-pheran (traditional Kashmiri gown with famous handwork) clad ladies sat beside me. They lifted their hands up towards the shrine and yelled: “Hyo mayne dasteegiro kaasti saeri parayshaani, chae siwa koet gaech” (O my beloved saint! brush off all my worries, where should I go to plead instead of your Khanqah [hospice]?)
woman praying kashmir
A Kashmiri woman praying at the Makhdoom Sahib shrine in Srinagar, Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. Photo - wn.com
The fumes of burning Harmal are whirling and wobbling in a shaft with light coming from within the shrine premises where the Kashmiri Sufi saint had been laid to rest. All the devotees have stories to tell, their perturbed tranquility suggesting stories of faith and healing under the shade of the holy saint.
Mostly on Thursdays, the shrine of Kashmir’s famous Sufi saint Makhdoom Sahib or Hazrat Sultan is flocked with countless devotees. They throng the place for serenity. “A person’s belief in spiritual healing can be much more powerful than scientific cures,” yells a dervish.
The shrine is located on the southern side of Hari Parbat Hill in Srinagar; name after Sufi saint Makhdoom Sahib. Also known as Hazrat Sultan, the saint is believed to have divine powers, as scores of devotees from all faiths visit his place throughout the year.
“My son met a road accident in Qazigund. His leg got seriously injured. The incident shattered all our hopes,” says Rehati, a resident of Srinagar. “When he was hospitalised, I sacrificed a sheep and silver leg chain to the majesty of Makhdoom sahib. Thanks to Allah, my son’s leg was healed,” the woman added.
Many devotees at Makdhoom Sahab’s shrine narrated miracles that happened as a result of the prayers of believers. Miraculous recoveries had been attributed to the saint by myriad of devotees commonly put together as faith and healing.
Rehati’s faith gained momentum when her son was able to walk again without any grievance within six months.
Shah-e-Hamadan (RA) is the Sufi saint who laid the foundations of Islam in Kashmir some 700 years ago.
shah hamdan srinagar
The Shah Hamdan Mosque stands beside the Jhelum River in Srinagar. Beside the mosque, stand traditional Kashmiri houses. Photo - Earl & Nazima Kowall/Corbis
‘‘Whenever I visit this shrine, I bow my head and feel that God will help me brave any eventuality of life and not to succumb,” says a wrinkly faced Abdul Rajab, 70, mustering his courage all the way from Ganderbal to visit the shrine. His daughter had lost interest in studies and household chores and fell prey to strange activities.
The shrine, situated on the banks of River Jhelum in Srinagar city, is revered and people throng daily to offer prayers. Thousands of devotees congregate on the 6th of Zilhaj, to celebrate the birth anniversary of Shah-e-Hamdan.
“We took our daughter to many doctors but nothing worked. They failed to treat her. One of our neighbours suggested us to visit this shrine and seek blessings of the Pir (saint) and I came here with many expectations,” Rajab said.
The devotees at various shrines seek the help of saints in dealing with their problems and beseech them to help facilitate the return of their lost happiness.
Rajab said: “We have been visiting the shrine on every Thursday from the past three months. After regularly taking part in recitation of hymns and prayers, my daughter finally recovered. Now she is back to normal and once again taking keen interest in studies.”
From kissing floors to filling of bottles and from revered spring to handing out of sweets called shereen and sweeping staircases, the devotees feel shrines as safe places to exorcise their pain, keeping in view two decades-old conflict.
I met a group of foreign tourists visiting another shrine in Srinagar. They seemed busy in trying different efforts to get their problems resolved. Reluctantly, few of them took their shoes off, placed under a carpet and entered the mausoleum. While imitating rest of the devotees, they also kissed the surface as a mark of respect. They came here all the way from Europe to visit the shrine and get their wishes fulfilled. Faith-healing to them is that God will grant their every whim if advocated by the saint.
Nausheen Mushtaq, 22, is another person who firmly believes in faith and healing. She prays with her hands raised and tears roll down her cheeks. She walks bare-footed all the way from Hawal to the Makhdoom Sahib shrine every Thursday morning, to vent her emotions and to pray that she succeeds in her studies to become a doctor.
kashmiri girl srinagar
A Kashmiri Muslim woman kisses her fingers after touching a pendulum tied to the gate of the shrine of Mir Syed Ali Hamdani, a Sufi saint, during a religious festival in Srinagar. Thousands of Kashmiri Muslim Sufi devotees thronged to the shrine of Shah Hamdan, who travelled to Kashmir from Iran to spread Islam in the region. Photo - Danish Ismail/Reuters
“I feel relieved as this helps me vent my feelings. I plead in the shrine. I believe he (my pir) listens to me and will come to my rescue during hard times,” she says.
For Nausheen, faith and healing enhances peace of mind, reduces stress, relieves pain and anxiety and strengthens the will to live.
There are people who have absolute faith that whatever worry strikes them is by the will of God, so they don’t give up, as their faith in God and deep-rooted Sufi traditions keep them going.
An elderly figure got up in the crowd and sat with me and proclaimed how she was healed from a disease and how God can heal everyone who has enough faith. She believes that praying at the shrine cures illness and brings prosperity.
“My family doesn’t allow me to visit the shrine as I have a weak eye-sight. Besides all scolding from my elder son, I keep on visiting the shrine apart from the month of Ramadhan,” says Mughli, 75, a resident of Lal Bazar, Srinagar. “I have a strong faith that the courage and strength to visit this shrine is only endowed for the devotion towards saint.”
Tears of mercy are like charity as they come forth from a living and sensitive soul, least they are shed in vain.
“He will wipe every tear from our eyes. There will be no more pain, for the phase of worries has passed away,” she murmurs.
The elderly figure was beseeching in low tune with her hands cuddled towards her face. “God does not pick people to cure, but he cures anyone who has strong faith,” she whispered while I closed my eyes during prayers.
Dressed in a white school uniform, a student is sitting on her knees and filling a disposable bottle from the shrine’s spring and smearing a handful of dust on her face and belly. Each time she visits the shrine, she takes home a container of water. She sprinkles water around her house and on cooking items.
The shrines attract devotees of all religions and sects, as many visit the place for mental peace.
Mohammed Rafiq and Shazia Qasim are two such devotees. Formerly known as Rajkumar and Sahdeep Kour respectively, they come from Poonch to untie their votive rag – Daesh in Kashmiri. They tied it after marriage to get their wish of a son fulfilled. Tying the knot three years ago, the couple was deeply inspired by faith healing. According to the young couple, the process evoked divine powers that solved their problems and changed their religion from Hindu Pundits to Muslims.
“After exodus, we moved to Jammu and my family was killed. I was living with my uncle but his tyranny was becoming so unbearable that I moved back to Kashmir,” Rafiq said with a chuckle.
He was so inspired by Islam that he embraced it and got married to Shazia.
hindu muslim kashmir shrine
Upper-caste Hindus known as Pandits pray at the Vichar Nag shrine, in Srinagar, Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. Photo - Pakistanhindupost.blogpost.com
“I was basically from a Sikh family and when I got married to Rafiq, I didn’t change my religion for about a year. There was no obligation either,” she said hesitantly.
Shazia too was inspired by her husband, and embraced Islam with open arms. The new Muslim couple is now blessed with a son which they craved for. “We have come today to untie the knot of our votive rag. All my small and big wishes have been fulfilled since I visited this shrine. We really want to express our devotion and say thanks to God,” said a cheerful mother with her few months old son in the lap.
It is pertinent to mention that shrines are endowed with splendour held in high esteem by people belonging to all faiths and communities. Due to centuries-old established practice of visiting a shrine for different reasons, these sacred places are in fact, symbols of human ability and brotherhood.
Zamrooda Begum, a resident of Budgam is another believer of faith and healing. Her lips are parted, echoing a deep wound in her soul. She sat silent with secrets burning in her heart. I looked sideways for some time and was surprised to find a woman sitting beside me, holding a pencil in her hand and drawing a graffiti on the marble walls of the shrine.
Puzzled, I asked: “What are you writing?” She leaned towards the wall and read out the graffiti. She was torn in pain and wandering in melancholic contemplation. After visiting the shrine, all the tension ebbed out of her body. She believed that the saint took her pain and reassured her.
“My son disappeared three years ago and is yet to be found. I moved from pillar to post but to no avail. I come here to address my plea in the court of this saint,” the grief-stricken mother said in a painful tone. Her watery and love-drenched eyes have the date of disappearance written in them. She is not sure whether her beloved son is dead or alive…
Shrines dotted at various places across Kashmir valley have stood as beacons of peace and humanism for centuries and have had a deep impact of Sufism on social, religious and cultural life of the people. The poor folk mostly gather, recite Fatiha (special prayers) and distribute ‘tabarruk’ (sacred sweets). Pigeons fly in the lawns after feasting on feed that visitors throw hoping their wishes will get fulfilled.
The great mystic saints and rishis preached the eternal message of universal humanism, compassion and peace. These spiritually uplifted souls carved out special places in the hearts of innumerable followers not only in Jammu and Kashmir region but across the Indian subcontinent.
Renown Sufi saints who have blessed the people with their eternal message of spiritualism in the region are Hazrat Bulbul Shah, Amir-e-Kabir Shah-e-Hamdan, Noor-uddin Wali, Lal Ded, Baba Rishi, Baba Budhan Shah, Roshan Ali Shah, Peer Mitha and Panj Peer. Their pristine life set a glowing example before the society and helped people move on the right spiritual track.
Aliya Bashir is a freelance journalist based in Srinagar, Indian-controlled Jammu and Kashmir. She regularly covers womens issues and human rights violations in the disputed territory.
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VITASTA The Vyeth of Kashmir

VITASTA The Vyeth of Kashmir

*Chaman Lal Raina
t has been said by the great Rishis, ascetics and men of spiritual realization that Vitasta is the Parvati incarnated as the Vitasta. When we turn the pages of the Nilamata Purana, which is the socio-cultural purana of the Kashmiri Pandit heritage, it tells us the story of the incarnation of the Vitasta. The legend says:


yāni tīrthāni bhāratavarṣe tāni tīrthāni kāśmīra maṇḍale|
yani tīrthani kāśmīra maṇḍale tāni tīrthani vitastāyam||

Veth-Vitru, Origin of Vitasta at Verinag, Kashmir
The Shloka clearly suggests that all the Tirthas of the Bharata Varsha have taken their abode in the valley of Kashmir. But all the Tirthas of Kashmir find their ultimate abode in the Vitasta -nadi, which in popular Kashmiri language is known as the Vyeth. Nadi in English is translated as river. The spiritual source of the Vitasta is the Purna Prakriti, the Divine Mother, but through our perception Vyetha- Vottur is its source ,which receives its feed back from the Veri Nag spring.

The Bhadra Shukla Trayodashi, or Vyatha Truvah, which is the 13th lunar digital day of the month of Bhadra-Pada, generally falls in the month of August or September.This is the very auspicious day for the people of Kashmir, because the Vyeth got incarnated that very day and its constant flow speaks of its grandeur from Vetra Vatti, which is Vyeth –Vottur, in the Kashmiri ethos. The Vetra Vatti is one of the forms of Bhavani---the Divine Mother Parvati, as explained by Shiva to his disciple Nandi , in the Rudyamala Tantra. Glory of the Divine Mother is fully explained with reference to the Primordial nature of the Absolute, in the Bhavani Sahsranama.Lord Shiva has explained the Thousand Names of Parvati, who is "Shaila Putri-- Parvati" as well.

Much water has flown from the river Vitasta, since it got incarnated on the Reshi Vai’r of Kashmir. Rrshi Vair is the Apbhramsha of the Sanskrit word Rishi Vatika'which means the playground for the Rishis--the seers of the Vedic truth..We as the Hindus of Kashmir have special reverence for this sacred river. Hindus would offer their Sandhya on its banks at the
-----prātaḥkālina saṁdhyā
--early dawn, followed by the --tarpaṇa –the water oblations to their ancestors . After morning oblations,they would bring water from Vitasta in a Gadha,which is a small pitcher of copper or brass to be offered to the Murtis and on the Shiva Lingam at the temples constructed on the banks / Ghats, popularly known as the --yārabala in the Kashmiri language. People were seen going to the temples from Shurah Yaar near the Durga Nagh-Badami Bagh area, which is the first temple of the Srinagar city,upto the Safakadal temple. Famous Hanuman Mandir of Kashmir is situated on its bank, near Amira Kadal. The water oblations were offered at the Dubji Ghat, where the water from the Dal lake merges with the Vyeth. It is the Gaw Kadal area in close proximity with the Anandishwar Bhairava Nath at Miasuma. Then the Hindus from the area of Badiyar, Nai Sarak, Gundi –Ahalmar, Sathoo Shital Nath, Chonda Pora, Breyi-Kuja, MallaYaar and the adjoining areas would go to the banks of the Ganapatyar for their daily prayers.

--pūja pradakṣiṇā.
The place at the Ganpatyar temple is revered as to be the important Tirtha of Kashmir, because Ganesha is the dearest son of the Divine Mother Parvati, as she incarnated in the form of the river Vitasta. Says Vaishampaayana in the 12th Shloka of the Nilamata Purana:
Devi Uma is the same as Kashmira,.What was previously, an enjoyableand heart captivating lake became a beautiful valley.


yaiva devī umā saiva kaśmīrā nṛpasattama|
sīt saraḥ pūrṇajalam suramyaṁ sumanoharaṁ||
further, Vaishampayan explains the beauty of Kashmir as under:--


kaśmīrāmaṇḍalaṁ puṇyaṁ sarvatirtha mandiram|
tatra nāgahṛdāḥ punyāstatra punyāḥśiloccyāḥ||
tatyra nadyastathā puṇyāni ca sarāṁsyapi|
devālayā mahāpuṇyāsteśāṁcaiva tathāśramāh||


Vitasta Painting by Chaman Lal Raina
Shloka 24-25
The translation runs as:--
The holy place of Kashmiris filled with the sacred spots. The sacred lakes of the Nagas are in plenty there and are the holy mountains. Of course, there are sacred rivers, sacred lakes, sacred templesand also the hermitages on that sacred land.
That is why all the major temples are situated on the banks of the river Vitasta--the Vyeth of Kashmir.

Close to Ganapat Yaar on the banks of the river is the Bhagvan Gopi Nath’s Ashram known as the Vaihkuri Yaar or the Kharyaar. It is because of the linguistic changes, as we see in the Apbhramsha, Vaikhuri Yaar has become the Khar Yaar. This was a center of Sadhana for thousands of people. Soomyaar/Somyaar is considered as the important Tirtha for the Kashmiri Hindu women. This Tiratha--pilgrimage on the banks of the Vyeth is at the Habba Kadal bridge. This Tiratha is associated with the Somavati Amavasya.

When the SOMVAAR or Monday coincides with the Amavasya or No-Moon day, it is called the Somavati Amavasya. The women take the dip in the Vitasta early in the dawn for being Suhagin. Suhagin is the symbol of auspiciousness for a women. On the opposite bank of the river, there is Purusha Yaar, which speaks of the dedication towards the Vedic Purusha Sukta , followed by Drabi Yaar temple. Famous temple Raghu Nath Mandir is situated on the bank of the Vyeth in the Fateh Kadal area. Next comes the famous TRIKA Ashram at Fateh Kadal area, close to the Spring of Mahakali, which is very sacred for the Hindus. Mahakali is the Ishta Devi of many Kashmiri Pandit families. Devotees going for a Parikrama--cirmumambulation to the Hari Parbat and the Chakreshwara would pay their Pranams and obeisance to the flow of the mystic spring. Then they would move for the Parikrama.

The devotees would recite the following Shloka on the banks of the river facing towards the Sindoori Darbar of the Mahakali shrine.


māyā kuṇḍalinī kriyā madhumatī kāli kalā mālinī
mātaṁgī vijayaa jaya bhagavatī devī śivā śambhavī
aktiḥ śaṁkaravallabhā trinayanā vāgvādinī bhairavī
hrīṁkārī tripurā parāparamayī mātā kumārītyasi
This Shloka is the quintessence of the Kashmir Shakta Vimarsha, as explained in the Agamic literature. Shri Mahakali is the Timelessness of the universe. what a wonderful explanation of the Mahakali. She is both present in the serial time of the universe and beyond that.

Then is the famous temple of Zaina Kadal Next is the Siddha Pitha of Peer Pandit Patshah Rishi Peer Sai’b, who brought the Hara Mukuta Ganga manifested on the banks of Bhat Yaar itself. A temple is situated on the Batyar itself.

The Pandits lived in the consolidated position, by the efforts of Pandit Shri Bhat on both sides of the river Vitasta, after they were settled after the great fire of that area.

Shri Bhatt of the Vichar Nag area was responsible for bringing back the displaced Pandits to Kashmir, in the reign of Budshah. Thus developed the Bhanumaasi and Malamasi system of the society. Mostly, Pundits of that time preferred to reside on the banks of the river Vitasta and other sides, where water was in natural flow.

They settled mostly on the banks of the river Vitasta, in the capital city of Srinagar. Some took their residence in the villages of the southern and northern Kashmir. A very important Tiratha in the Anant Nag area is the Vijayeshvar on the banks of the Vitasta. It has remained the center of astrology. Lall Trag is in the Pampore area is associated with Lallesheshvai-the Lall Ded of the 14th century. Then no significant Tiratha has come to my notice, as I had not the opportunity to visit the other Tirthas on the banks of the Vyeth. But the Prayag at Shadipur is considered one of the important Tiratha. It is the Sangam / circumfluence of Vitasta and Sindhu/ Nalla Sind at the Prayag . Remains of the ashes of the Kashmiri Hindus were being immersed in the Sangam or Prayag upto 1989, till the mass migration of the Kashmiri Pandits took place. Next comes the Tapasya Bhumi of Mata Roopa Bhavani, revered as the Alakheshvari, which is known as Waskoora.It is also close to the bank of the Vyeth. Then the great Tiratha of Nandakeshwara is situated on the banks of the Vyeth at Sumbal.

Many more temples do exit on the banks of the river Vitasta, but I have covered a few of the Tirathas, on the bank of the river Vyeth, personally gone, visited there and paid my oblations to the Devatas and Rishis of Kashmir.A very spiritual flow on the banks of the river Vitasta was witnessed by one and all. One of the names of the Bhavani is Vitasta, and in every Homa/ Havana , Kashmiri Pandit offers Ahuti to the Vitasta, in the form of Vyeth. In every Prepyuna or offering, the Naveed is offered to the Vitasta, even after the 1990 migration. It is linked with our religious psyche.

How was Vyetha Truvah observed? The Kashmiri Pandits would go to their respective Ghaths and would offer water to the sacred river Vitasta. They would offer Tomlu- Tsochi Worya or the bread made from the rice flour to the Vitasta as an offering and would read the Shlokas from the Vitasta Mahatmyam. In the evening, the Hindu women would go and offer Tsong, which is earthen lamp/ Diya or Deepak to the river and would keep the Tsong lit to illumine the banks of Vitasta.Vyeth is the life-breath of the Kashmiri Pandit ethos. We love her as we love our mother. How can we forget her ?. She is not mere water resource, but she is inspiration to live a Kashmiri way of life.

In all her acts, a strange Divinity of Vitasta welcomed with a smile, when our ancestors were called back with the great efforts of Shri Bhat. . What is now? We do not know----. A big question mark?. We can not go. But Vitasta is in our dreams of delight, in our wakeful thoughts. and in our spiritual environment. Even here ,we need to celebrate the Divinity of the Vitasta.

She is still to them, the child they new and loved
The sorrowing Vyeth, we feel within our throbs”

Kashmiri Pandit is closely associates with the Vitasta, as the Nirmalya was supposed to be disposed off as an oblation in the Vitasta. All the tenth day Kriya was necessarily to be done on the banks of the River Vitasta. We find our cultural roots in the Vitasta. This Vyeth is known officially as the river Jehlum. How it got the name Jehlum is the subject of research for the historians.

The flow of Vitasta acts, but it is sealed for us,
On her body is played now the Tandava dance.


*Dr. Chaman Lal Raina did Masters in Hindi & English. Ph.D. in Hindi & Iqbaliat at the University of Kashmir. Worked on the research project at the Iqbal Institute for writing monographs on Indology as Research Associate. Worked as lecturer to teach research methodology in Iqbal Institute, University of Kashmir. Dr. Raina's first love is for the Vedas and the Shakti Tradition of India. To his credit goes some ten books on Indology. He was awarded Nagmani Fellowship, Buddhist Fellowship etc. from various Institutions. Presently Dr. Raina is associated with the Yoga Studies, religion and sanskrit at Florida International University, USA.
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Comments
We agree we have a special romance with Weyth which has its history steeped in scriptures and mythology.Dr.Raina has researched the journey of River Jehlem through the valley of Kashmir well.
Added By pushkar ganjoo
Thank you Shri Pushkar Ganju Ji for your comments. I would like to add to my write-up that the word Vitasta falls under the Panchanadas,which occur in the Rigveda and the Mahabharata.
Added By Chaman Lal Raina
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